THE  HEFFLEY  INSTITUTE 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


B.  0. 1 
f  A 

tun 

DALLAS,  TULAS 


UNIFIED  STENOGRAPHY 

THE  SIMPLEST  AND  MOST  UNIFORM 

OF  ANY  OF  THE  PITMANIC 

SYSTEMS 


PREPARED  FOR  THE  EXCLUSIVE  USE 
OF 

THE    HEFFLEY    INSTITUTE 


BROOKLYN  -  NEW  YORK 
1918 


PRESS  OF 

L.  H.  BIGLOW  a  COMPANY.  INC. 
NEW  YORK 


\°\  1« 

GENERAL  DIRECTIONS 


The  general  directions  which  may  be  given  the  student  in 
advance  are  few,  as  the  principles  introduced  from  time  to  time 
in  the  following  pages  will  be  specifically  treated,  when  reference 
is  made  to  them. 

Ruled  paper  should  always  be  used.  Faint  red  lines  are  pref- 
erable and  they  should  be  ruled  about  one-half  inch  apart. 

Every  character  must  be  carefully  and  correctly  formed,  and 
should  never  be  written  faster  than  it  can  be  written  well.    Ability 
to  write  rapidly  and  legibly  will  depend  upon  the  precision  with 
|   which  in  the  beginning  each  character  is  written. 

Accuracy  in  writing  depends  upon  the  direction  in  which  each 

2g   character  is  written,  its  length  and  whether  it  is  light  or  heavy. 

The    perpendicular,    slanting,  and  horizontal  strokes  should  be 

made  in  the  proper  direction,  and  the  curved  strokes,  when  made 

heavy,  should  be  thickened  in  the  centre  only,  and  should  taper 

2*  toward  the  extremities;  while  straight  strokes  are  made  heavy 

*    throughout,  and  should  be  made  only  sufficiently  heavy  to  dis- 

^  tinguish  them  from  light  strokes. 

Either  a  pen  or  a  pencil  may  be  used,  which  should  be  held 
y  between  the  first  and  second  fingers,  in  an  almost  upright  position. 
Ej  The  note-book  must  be  kept  in  place  with  the  left  hand,  and, 

when  one  is  writing,  the  weight  of  the  body  should  not  rest  upon 

the  right  arm. 

Everything  should  be  written  and  read  over  and  over  again. 
Each  character,  word,  or  principle  must  be  learned  perfectly  be- 
fore the  next  one  is  taken  up,  and  nothing  outside  of  the  exercises 
given  in  connection  with  each  lesson  should  be  attempted.  Word- 
signs  must  be  reviewed  daily. 


PHONOGRAPHIC   ALPHABET 


CONSONANTS 

VOWELS 

Phono- 
graph 

Name 

Direction  Written 

Sound  of 

Sound  of 

\ 
\ 

P 

B 

Downward 

P  as  in  Pope 
B       "     babe 

E  as  in  eat 

T 

u 

T      "     tight 

*    A       "     ate 

D 

u 

D      "     deed 

Chay 

» 

CH     "     church 

•  AH      "     arm 

^ 

J 
K 

Left  to  right 

J        "     judge 
K       "     kick 

AW     "     all 

—  r 

Gay 
Ray 

Upward 

G       "     gag 
R       "     roar 

o      "     oak 

^ 

Hay 

" 

H       "     high 

—  oo      "     ooze 

\^_ 

F 

Downward 

F        "     fife 

. 

^ 

V 

u 

V       "     vat 

r    "   in 

( 

Ith 

" 

TH     "     path 

'     e       "     ell 

y 

The 
S 

it 

TH     "     thy 

S        "     saw 

.a       "at 

j 

Z 

Ish 

ii 

Z       "     zeal 
SH      "     she 

o       "     odd 

~j 

r 

Zhe 

1    L 
(Lay 

Yay 

Upward     ( 

Downward 

y         u    I  azure 
j  vision 

L       "     lull 
Y       "     yet 

~    u       "us 
—06      "     put 

3 

R 

Way 
M 

ii 
Left  to  right 

R       "     roar 
W      "     wake 
M      "     maim 

V 

I       "     ice 

A 

01      "     oil 

^ 

1  Emp 
1  Emb 

N 

" 

MP       "      hemp 
MB       "     ember 

N      "     noun 

A  ow     "     owl 

/ 

ling 
link 

» 

NG        "      thing 
NK       "      think 

n  u       "     use 

PHONOGRAPHY 


Phonography  is  based  upon  a  scientific  analysis  of  the  sounds 
of  the  English  language.  The  common  alphabet,  as  being  inade- 
quate for  the  accurate  representation  of  the  various  sounds,  has 
been  discarded  and  one  more  philosophic  has  been  adopted, — one 
which  provides  an  absolute  sign  for  each  consonant  and  vowel 
sound. 

The  CONSONANT  signs  are  derived  from  the  following  geometric 
diagrams  : 


From  these  divisions  twelve  simple  straight  and  curved  lines 
are  obtained  : 


These  lines,  made  light  and  heavy,  are  arranged  in  pairs,  the 
thin  strokes  representing  the  whispered  sounds,  and  the  heavy 
strokes  the  vocal  or  thickened  sounds,  as  in  column  1,  on  the 
opposite  page. 

Each  consonant,  whether  straight  or  curved,  is  written  in  the 
direction  of  one  of  the  lines  in  the  following  figures  : 


FIG.  1  FIG.  2  FIG.  3 

The  lines  in  the  second  and  fourth  directions  are  inclined 
exactly  midway  between  the  horizontal  and  perpendicular  lines 
in  the  first  and  third  directions. 

Each  sign  represents  invariably  the  same  sound,  and  is  always 
written  in  the  same  direction.  (See  columns  2  and  3). 

The  VOWEL  sounds  are  represented  by  dots  and  dashes  placed 
in  three  positions  about  the  consonant  signs,  as  in  column  5. 

5 


CONSONANTS 

1.     Upright  and  sloping  consonants  are  written  DOWNWARD,  except  lay,  ray, 
and  hay,  which  are  written  UPWARD. 


A \. 


.1 /.. /_ L....L (. .(..  J 1 


Chay         J 


Ith         The 


i 


r ££... 


Ish          Zhee          L  R  Way  Yay  Lay          Ray          Hay 

2.     Horizontal  consonants  are  written  from  LEFT  to  RIGHT. . 


K               Gay               M               Emp  or  Emb                N  Ing  or  Ink 

3.     All  strokes  are   made  of  uniform  length.     Chay  slopes  60,  and  ray  and 
hay  30,  degrees  from  the  line  of  writing A . *t\.~. 


Chay 


Ray 


Hay 


4.  When  consonants  are  combined,  they  are  written  without  lifting  the  pen  from 
the  paper,  each  succeeding  consonant  beginning  where  the  preceding  one  ends. 

5.  Each  consonant  is  written  in  the  same  direction  when  joined  to  others  as 
,yhen  standing  alone.     When  joined,  the  first  DOWN  or  UP  stroke  rests  UPON 

the  line-    L,  when  standing  alone,  is  written  UPWARD. 


p-m          b-k         t-gay        v-ray        chay-ray        ray-chay        t-m        s-n        ith-m 


ray-v          ray-ish          gay-ray-t  hay-ith          lay-f         hay-k         r-m          way-k 

'f-1          v-lay         d-1         d-lay          p-lay 


m-lay          'v-1        'ith-1 


k-b  gay-t  m-f  n-t  k-thay  gay-t-m        •    n-t-ray  Jng-t 

p-t'       b-chay        t-p        dMth         chay-p         islvT         v-]        r-r)       f-f        p-p 

6.     Except  in  a  few  combinations,  an  angle  is  formed  between  a  straight  and  a 
curved,  and  between  two  curved,  consonants. 


f-n 


v-ing 


emp-f 


p-n 


f-r 


lay-k 


MAY  6     1918 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 


i  \  X  1  1  Z  /  L  L 

( 

,  (  )..  :..)  .J.  JL  C.  ^  ^ 

r 

3                                     ^-^         ^~s         ^^         ^^        C     / 

4  \  1  Z  L....  c..  )  J..    r 

^ 

5              .  .  „=.  ^  </  ^  C.  X  .1 

/ 

e    L  .(  1  J.  3  ,C  _  ^s. 

7     \  .    J  \  <=*  J.  2l  Z...  L 

r 

',  ^  i  /  Z  J  _;L  S..  1 

r 

9   L     V     V  —]  ,J&  /7    «/! 

i 

»   \  L  1^.  l_  t.  .U  4  Z_. 

7 

A 

S~^            ^-^-^          ^~J         <~~-           "~1           "~\         s- 

^r  

; 


LONG    VOWELS 

7.  The  long-vowel  sounds  as  heard  in  the  words  heat,  hate,  heart,  bought, 
boat,  boot,  are  represented  by  HEAVY  dots  and  dashes,  written  at  the  beginning, 
middle  and  end  of  a  consonant. 


E  A  AH  AW  O  OO 

8.  The  sounds  are  called  first-place,  second-place,  and  third-place  vowels. 
The  place  is  reckoned  from  the  beginning  of  the  stroke.  Dash  vowels  are  written 
at  right  angles  to  the  stroke. 


.E. 


9.  All  consonants  of  a  word  are  written  before  placing  the  vowel  or  vowels. 
In  stenography  only  the  sounds  of  a  word  are  expressed. 

10.  A  vowel  placed  at  the  left  of  a  downward  stem,  or  above  a  horizontal  or 
upward  stem,  is  read  BEFORE  the  stem. 

e-p      a-p      ah-p       aw-t      o-t      oo-t      e-k       a-k      ah-k      aw-ray      o-ray      oo-ray 

11.  A  vowel  placed  at  the  right  of  a  downward  stem,  or  below  a  horizontal  or 
upward  stem,  is  read  AFTER  the  stem. 


b-e      b-a      b-ah      j-aw      j-o      j-oo      k-e      k-a      k-ah      hay-aw      hay-o      hay-oo 

12.  Words  containing  first-place  vowels  are  written  ABOVE  the  line. 

•i     '/   -\     ~\    '—  '<.    ')    ')  '  .r  ^  •- 

..-..-..----.-  jff 

eat        each         awed        ought        auk        Eve        ease        awes        eel        ear        eke 

/  V.       • I  /  -X         •  /  f 

tea         saw         fee         key         caw         knee         see         she         me        gnaw        ye 

13.  Words  containing  second-place  vowels  are  written  ON  the  line. 

ape        Abe        ate        owed        age        oath        ace         ache         oak         own        bay 

^_JL_h h_Jc i.......^f.......^,.....^,.....^.._.X 

pay        day        toe         dough         foe         show         way        know        gay        hoe        hay 

14.  Words  containing  third-place  vowels  are  written  THROUGH  the  line 
if  downward  or  upward  stems,  and  UNDER  the  line  if  horizontal  stems. 

boo  chew  Jew'"        Uu^^hbe  sue 

8 


. 

READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE  LAS,  TLX/.g 


\ 


2 


k 


v      •    k 


.k_ 


2 i , 2 -) 


k. 


C      )'       )' 


7     '—     V     •)     ') 


< h I: I: A 


10 


a 


J.  ..........  )•  ........  ): 


-v- 


13. 


•V      V 


Word  signs: 


14 


r 


The,      a,         ah,       all,       two,       already,        before,        owe-oh,        ought,       who,        whom 


9         (Vj. 


16 


SHORT    VOWELS 

15.  The  six  short-vowel  sounds  as  heard  in  the  words,  sit,  set,  sat,  lock,  luck, 
look,  are  represented  by  light  dots  and  dashes,  and  written  in  the  same  positions 
and  governed  by  the  same  rules  as  the  long  vowels. 

i ±_ i. i 4 4... 

i  e  a  o  u  06 

it  if  ill  in  ink  imp  odd  ebb  etch  edge 

— ^ ± ,1- *-^ # f- 'l: *- 

egg  up  Ed          at          add  am  ashy  alley          eddy          essay 

16.  A  first-place  vowel  between  any  two  consonants  is  written  after  the 
FIRST  consonant,  second-  and  third-place  vowels  are  written  before  the  SECOND 
consonant. 

c— i^ i« ju U L-J1-J....J 

t-e-m  t-a-m  t-ah-m  t-i-p^  t-e-px   t-a-p>   tfaw-1    I  t-o-l.f  t-oo-1 

17.  When  words  contain  two  or  more  stems,  the  first  UPWARD  or  DOWN- 
WARD stem  is  written  in  the  position  of  the  accented  vowel. 

talk  team         balk  teach          daub         sheep         tick         pitch         top     xXtub 

bake          dome          knave          thump         paidl       page        tape"      *Uhade          duck         back 

palm        doom         shook         tomb         boom        "jack         tack         took         book          attack 
•        \       v  v 1*  i  i    . 

A_L2=a^J3L--!Z. ^.....c^^s-^.........^...^ 

keep        cape          cap  '        navy        gage         match         meek          name         camp        dump 

\^....\+,.....z±. ^__J .^L....^! L. ^j 

buck          pump          honey          shock  Edith          envy          heed  dock  uncouth 

cake  gag  copy  canopy  Gotham  ./attach  vacate 

JL-^-J-.       \.          I  ^- 

~Nni ±: "X"" 

chap>         ditto  decay         invoke  package/         d^do  chubby  chimney 


10 

•9  1918  P. 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 


but,         to    a          on,         should,         how., 


DIPHTHONGS 


18.     The  double  vowels  as  heard  in    the  words   tie,  toy,  vow,  and  view,  are 
expressed  as  follows: 


19,     These  signs  are  always  written  in  the  same  direction,  and  may  be  joined 
to  the  stem  if  they  form  an  acute  angle. 


c    ^ 


L 


A! A/" 


pie 


thy         type         knife         toy         boy         decoy 


Al 

out 


bow 


thou 


endow 


couch         use 


few 


eyes       Ida        item        oil        oily 

20.     When  two  vowels  are  sounded   between   two  consonants,  write  the  first 
vowel  after  the  first  consonant  and  the  second  vowel  before  the  second  consonant 


poem         payer1         weigheV          gayety          deity    .(fuel      (wowel      power- 

2J.     When  two    vowels    either  precede  or  follow  a  consonant,   that  vowel 
which  is  to  be  read  next  the  consonant  is  written  nearer  to  it. 


a 1 


— ~vt~'~ 

Iowa          Genoa 


duaj, 


iota 


idea 


boa 


Padual 


radii          avowee 


22.     (a)     When  the  SOUND  of    L.or  R  begins  a  word,  lay  or  ray  is  used, 
except  before  m  or  emp. 

c     r     s\      r^    (T~ 


law 


lay 


reap 


lake 


like 


wrought 


rug 


rub 


ray  rope  ring  Rome  loom  ream  limp 

(b)     When  the  SOUND  of  L  or  R  ends  a  word,  /  or  r  is  used,  except  after 
m,  emp  or  ray. 


HL  ...x.. 


feel  /pail  call  coal  share'          pour)         mail  meal  rail  reel 

23.     When  the  SOUND  of  L  or  R  follows  an  initial  vowel  sound,  I  orris  used ; 
when  it  precedes  a  final  vowel  sound,  lay  or  ray  is  used. 


elm 


elk 


alum 


• 


elect 


alike 


ark 


ri, 

-V- 


pillow          delay 


fellow 


valley         hourly          Peru         Harry         carry          bureau 


rj 


^ 

\ 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 

|V  IV  IV  W  /V  \V 


ft 

(. 


"v          -?v 


,r 


3 .: 


- } ) I /« 

<\J  nj  K  ^ 


> 


vv 


.7 


I' 


- 


9J: 


/TV 


£ 


Ir 


Word  signs:  . 

v  V  If 

14 _.^..._^ ^ X .^ ( L 

I-eyc,        you,         hope-happy-party,       object-be,       to    be,       time,       it,       dollar,       do, 

t5.f Z        y. /.. y.. 

had,        which,        much,        advantage,         large. 

13 


CIRCLE    S    OR    Z 

24.  S  and  Z  are  also  represented  by  a  small    INITIAL  or    FINAL  circle, 
called  Iss.     It  is  written  on  the  RIGHT-HAND  side  of  downward  straight  strokes, 
and  on  the  UPPER  side  of  horizontal  and  upward  straight  strokes.     It  is  written 
on  the  INSIDE  of  curved  strokes. 

It  is  read  FIRST  when  it  begins  and  LAST  when  it  ends  an  outline. 

iss-k        iss-b       iss-t       iss-chay       iss-ray       iss-f       iss-ith       iss-s         iss-r        iss-n      iss-m 

gay-iss       b-iss       d-iss       j-iss       hay-iss       v-iss       s-iss       way-iss       m-iss       n-iss       emp-iss 

25.  The  circle  is  written  on  the  OUTSIDE  of  the  angle  formed  by  straight 
strokes.     Between  a  straight  and  a  curved  stroke,  or  between,  two  curved  strokes, 
it  is  written  inside  of  the  curve. 

^^^n  i 

t-iss-k  gay-iss-t  chay-iss-k  b-iss^i  b-iss-r  f-iss-n  m-iss-lay 

26.  The  circle  form  is  used  for  all  words  that  BEGIN   with  S,  or  that  END 
with  S  or  Z.     vp 

soap      sake       sight       said       such       spoke       sorrow       slow       save       sash       sing       sank 


base        dies       chase        choose        less        miss        news        stays        sales        suns        notice 


___g^jr 

'desk         cask         reason          Cincinnati  business          Missouri  justice         succeeds 

27.  The  stroke  form  is  used:  (a)  For  all  words  that  BEGIN  with  Z. 
(b)  For  all  words  in  which  S  or  Z  follows  an  initial  vowel  sound,  or  precedes  a  final 
vowel  sound,  (c)  For  all  words  in  which  two  vowels  follow  an  initial  S  or  Z,  or 
precede  a  final  S  or  Z. 


(a)     Czan      zealous        zinc      zero        (b) 


......  ;W...i  .......        ......  L 

icy       ,assume     I  acid.      Isaac       busy     Vdaisy 


......  .......    «  ___________  i  _______  -~-i  _______  i-  ......  r.  .....     __. 

)         *\  \     **r^  '' 

noisy       agency       Tasso  )-  (c)    Zion        science        sowir       Siam       chaos       pious        bias 

28.     The  sounds  of  SES,  SEZ,  ZES,   ZEZ,  are  represented  by  a  circle  twice 

the  size  of  the  iss  circle.     It  is  called  sez  and  is  used  in  the  same  way  as  the  iss  circle. 


paces       teases       cases      voices      noises      looses       amazes       sources      forcesO    successive 
29.     S  may  follow  the  sez  circle  by  an  additional  small  circle. 


—  V, 

abscesses  excesses  successes  recesses  possesses  dispossesses 


14 


L... 


T      T     r.  T 

; ' T " 


— 8 


t 


I 

I   •  n 


10 


b 


o. L, 


„  ... 

•DO 


Word  signs: 

o                                          o 
13 o ...\. P __Pz _ P^ 

Is-his,  as-has,  subject,  satisfy-fied,  satisfactory,  satisfactorily, 

fe"  t5~ ~V>~ 

several,  advertise,  advertises,  because,  this,  thus-those. 


15. 


impossible-ility,         improves,        influence,        influences, 


THE    1ST    and    STER    LOOPS 

30.  St  is  expressed  by  a  small  initial  or  final  loop.  It  is  made  one  half  the 
length  of  the  stem.  It  is  written  on  the  circle  side  and  is  governed  by  the  same  rules 
as  apply  to  the  iss  circle. 

^  ........  x  .........  t.  .........  f  ..........  f  ...........  ?L  .........  £  .......  ^  ......  t: 

steep        stub        state        stout         stood         steady         stitch         stage         stake          stick 

1  _______  V..JL  .....  JL  .......  -£..  _JC  ...^  .....  -L  .....  ^... 

stiff       staff*       stove         stave         steal         stale         steam         stall         stem         stamp 

_N$  ______  v  ......  \L....A  ..........  [  .........  t  .......  A  .......  jL.     .....  -^._._.A. 

post       passed       best       based        tossed       dust       chest       just       cast'         guest        rest 


feast       fast        vast        zest        list        lost        missed        most        west        waste        yeast 


_„  .......  ...........  i  ..........  ^  ........  A  .......    ..........  .^  .........     .  .... 

amassed         assist        assessed         arrest         jest         honest  store  story  star 


kr:  .......  jz  ...........  -V?-  ......  "     .........     ..........  -A-,-  .......  -™      ......  - 

destiny        tallest        ballast          utmost          tempest          reduced        revised          refused 


<£  .........  -3L  .........  w.  ......  ==^  .....  ./.  ........  k,.  .........  4.  .......  .-... 

rejoiced        unjust          coolest         calmest  artistic          testify         justify          mystify 


.........  <±_. 

taste        tasty        haste          hasty         must          musty          rust         rusty         mist         misty 
31.     Str  is  represented  by  a  large  final  loop  two  thirds  the  length  of  the  stroke. 
It  is  treated  in  the  same  way  as  the  final  ist  loop. 


X  ..........  k  ...........  t...  .......  ^ 

poster        tester         duster        jester         coaster        castor         Rochester        foster       vaster 


//  V"" 

lustre       arrester        disturb        nestor         Worcester         imposter         songster         yesterday 
32.     S  may  follow  the  loops  by  making  an  additional  small  circle. 


r.  .....  X  .......  ±  ........  i  ......  -  ......  r±.  ......  -^  .......     ......    .....   . 

lists        boasts        toasts        tests        lasts         costs         coasts  "       ghosts         wrists         rusts 


nests         invests          jests          feasters      masters  Lester's          musters          teamsters 


dusters          dissters  gamesters          songsters  boasters          ministers 

16 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 

.=i- « i a <L. 


Jr. Iz. 


i 


„...,.. 


/ 


10 


\       J 

** 


Jl... 


J; | Jr., -V- — ^ 


12 


Word  signs: 

13         t---~^-  t  .........  / 

Advertised,         first,          at   first,          largest, 


influenced,  next,          stenography. 


17 


W     and     Y 

33.  Small  INITIAL  semicircles,  called   weh  and  yeh,  respectively,  are  also 
used'to  indicate  W  and  Y.     The  semicircle  for  W  may  open  either  to  the  right  or 
left;  that  for  Y  either  upward  or  downward.     That  one  should  be  used  which  makes 
the  better  angle  with  the  stem. 

The  rules  governing  the  use  of  the  initial  circle  s  apply  to  the  semicircles. 

K i .1 1: ^ 3 1 i=_»j__5_ I 

web      wade      wide      widow      weep      weighed      wedge      walk      woke      woo'f      wages 

A.      n       *\        5  1        5      "1    O   *v     «* 

..S? A^ >? r^.......^.^ Jk .'Jb ?. „ >....A. 

wives       wove       weaves       wash       wax        weds       weights       wads       wing       wife       waif 

.,          3  3  (• 

*N  *S         ^i  i         A.  v— ^          \/      ^y\       -^A  s 

". v ' " ~ *\ 

wore        wear        weary        wire        waive        warm        worry,       worth        worthy        DeWitt 
youth       yoke       yachts       Yale       yellow       young       Yates       yokes       Europe       Yankee 

woe      away       awake       awoke       Wyoming       Oswego      wise       wiser       Oyer      yes      yeas 

34.  A  LARGE  initial  hook  on  the  circle  side  of  T,  D,  K,  and  Gay,  forming 
the  double  consonants  tway,  dway,  kway,  and  gway,  is  used  to  represent  W.     They 
are  vowelized  the  same  as  simple  stems. 

y r 

rwill  twice         /'dwell          quite          quit          quire          require         inquire          inquiry 

35.  S  may  precede  the  semicircle  and  the  initial  hook    by  making  the  circle 
inside  of  the  semicircle  or  hook.    When  the  sound  of  S  or  Z  follows   W  or  Y 
the  strokes  and  iss  circle  are  used. 

^  A  ' 

*\       1       «.,     '^     ^    ^1        r       -v     "X 

— - >~<^ J- .o. -.^ 

sweep        Swede        swung        squeeze        square         squad          sequel          woes          wasp 

THE    ASPIRATE    H 

36.  H  is  also  expressed  by  a  short,  light,  initial  tick,  called  heh.     It  is  written 
in  the  direction  of  T  or  K  and  is  always  read  first. 

head      hatch       hedge       hook       hazy      Hague       hero        harass        horrify       hive     hath 

howl       here       why       ham       hemp       hung       hogshead       unhook       white       whit       whim 

NOTE:  WH  at  the  beginning  of  words  is  sounded  as  HW,  which  sound  is  rep- 
resented by  either  the  thickened  semicircle  for  W,  or  the  heh  tick  and  way  stroke. 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 


1      I' 


5 


o        o 


1 


o n" 


..I. 


7 t 


P      f 

u 

^— ^ 


1 


10 


v   v- 


^A 


I 


n 


12 


Word  signs: 

He-him,     we-with,     were,    what,     would,    year,    yet,    beyond,    you,    that,    when,   aware. 


19 


WORD    SIGNS 

37.  Certain  words  of  frequent  use  may  be  abbreviated:  (a)  By  the  omission 
of  consonants,  (b)  By  the  omission  of  vowels.  These  abbreviations  are  called 
WORD  SIGNS. 


common,     come-company,     give-n,       together,       ago,       are,      for,       half,       ever,       have. 

-t  .........  -(  .............  -i  ..................  -<  ............  <•  ...........  ->•-->•  ........  J-  .......  ^ 

however,       think,       thank-thousand,       them,         though,         us,       was,        shall,        issue, 
usual-ly,       will,        am,         important-ance,       improve-d-ment,         any,         own,          thing, 

_«  ............  ^.  _________  c.  ..........  C  ............  f£_  .......................................... 

language,          away,          your,          we  will.          we  are. 

PHRASEOGRAPHY 

38.     Writing  two  or  more  words  together   is  called    phraseography,  which 
method  of  writing  is  usually  confined  to  word  signs. 

The  first  word  is  written  in  its  proper  position,  the  second  beginning  where 
the  first  ends,  and  so  on. 

-d...  —  ........  j±.\  .............  //.iX  __________  JC^T>.  ..........  jv^_  ............  JD  ..............  .Srf.-. 

you  will,        you  will  do,        you  will  be,        you  may,        you  must,        do  you,        have  you, 

...1  ..............  1  .............  J...  ...........  J..  ......  _.,...L_  ...........  U._  ........  L^_ 

we  do,        we  think,        we  shall,        we  sftall  have,        we  take,          it  must,          it  must  be. 

EXCEPTIONS:     In  a  few  phrases  the  first  word  must  accommodate  itself  to  the 
position  of  the  second,  otherwise  the  phrase  would  be  illegible. 


in  these,  in  this,  in  those,  in  each,  in  which,  in  much,  I  hope. 

39.  I,  at  the  beginning  of  a  phrase,  may  be  abbreviated  by  writing  the  first 
half  downward,  or  the  second  half  upward,  using  that  half  which  forms  the  better 
angle  with  the  stroke. 


ri_J  ...........  .^  ............  JL  ...........  I... 

I  will,          I  will  do,          I  will  be,         I  am,  1  do,  I  have,  I  shall.  I  think, 

40.     The,  may  be  represented  in  the  middle  or  at  the  end  of  a  phrase,  by  a  tick 
written  in  the  direction  of  chay  or  ray. 


for  the.        take  the,        by  the,         in  the,         by  the  way,        in  the  way.         in  the  West 

20 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 


L kc i _£ ] I 


11- Sv V-. 

T 


12 


13 


24 


r 

we  will,     we  are 


21 


THE    R    HOOK 

41.  An  additional  sign  for  R  is  supplied  by  a  small  INITIAL  hook  opposite 
the  circle  side  of  straight  strokes,  and  on  the  inside  of  curved  strokes. 

\....?s ] 1 L L~—*JL—L. L_L_J 

per        ber       ter       der        cher        jer        ker        ger        fer        ver       ther       ther       sher 

A C. C.. !^L ^ ^....-sw^. <Z^. 5=^....... 

zher        ler        yer          rer         wer         mer        ner         emper  or  ember  inger  or  inker 

42.  The  r  hook  is  pronounced  with  the  consonant,  as  per,  ber,  etc.,  and  not 
as  P-R,  B-R,  etc.     The  combined  stem  and  hook,  which  is  called  a  double  consonant, 
is  vowelized  the  same  as  a  simple  stem. 

^     <\        1A  1     «=—    I'      ^V       r        f 

Ji...A J (j. L! .^..Jhr_(-._,....:.. £. _„;„ 

pry       pray      Troy      true      dray      cry       free      fry      throw       three        through       shrew 

1  ./  *-•       \  *--          "C  J 

4--1- z -*= - -^~ - •*• 

outer      utter       etcher       acre        eager        either        humor         honor        author        usher 


tinker        rancor        anchor        longer        younger         lumber        franker        finger        linger 

t 


fc-l — 

trees         grows        breaks         drips         creeps         shrieks         shrubs'        primes       bribes 


powderj       maker        nailer         collar  proffer        jobber        robber        vigor          labor 


paupers        bakers        teachers        wagers       batteriesL      wreckers       mockers      Christmas 
43,     S  must  precede  the  r  hook  on  straight  letters  by  making  the  hook  into  a 
circle.     On  curved  letters  it  is  made  inside  of  the  hook. 


> 

spray      spruce        spry        suppress      seeker      solder      spring      strike      suffer      simmer 


±^r..  .JL.  It  ______ 


expressly       destroy       extreme       westerly        prosper       stronger       designer       deciphers 
44.     Skr  or  sgr  following  D,  P,  or  B;  and  spr  or  sbr,  following  J,  are  formed  as 
follows: 


ATI?. J5C- / J5I\_ 

disgrace          disagrees          jasper\        prescribe          subscribe  subscriber 

22 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 


i _ t: x -i j r 

-I ^ 1 ^ 

, E^ LL I L 

r .    jf.    v  ^-^     7 

x~9  >^     r-  ( 

5     ^  "X.     "^       ^T  •!       ^-  ^-s—    r 

U 

//  | — - 

^    «*>  to. 

7        \Q        _  >Q ^\^ ~ ^*c 

q-  vQ 

, 1 1- ,j J > 

T     t- 

jo SZ^L.....:.\. : :. y _»H 

^  w  9v  c\v  txv  *X  rsv  ^v 

\       v       V       \        V       ND       \)      ^ 
u ... 

12      .<\-, 

Word  signs:  „ 

appear,  principle-al-ly,  practice,          member-remember,,          number,  doctor 

1                                   9                               ^~            C                    C 
14    I 1 /__ .2. -S L 

dear,  during,  danger,  larger,  degree.  from,  there-their 


23 


THE    L    HOOK 

45.  L  may  also  be  represented  by  a  SMALL  initial  hook,  on  the  circle  side 
of  straight  strokes,  and  by  a  LARGE  initial  hook  on  the  inside  of  curved  strokes. 

!x  .....  .\  ......  f.  .....  L./....Z...—  ..^..../..L..ci  .....  C.  .....  .0  .....  3....J. 

pel      bel      tel      del      chel      jel       kel      gel       rel      fel       vel       thel       thel       sel      zel 

-2  .....  J.  ......  £.....r  .....  ^....^  ......  <^,....<^  .........  ^  ...............  s^_. 

shel        zhel        lei        yel         rel        wel         mel       nel       empel   or  embel       ingel  or  inkel 

46.  The  rules  that  govern  the  use  of  the  stems  with  the  r  hook  attached  apply 
to  those  with  the  /  hook. 

T     *  «L—      -o      o     'C_    "^  '9 

J  .......  A  ........  .\.  .........  4  ........................  1  .......  i*—  -±.  ______  ~r.  ______  sLf.  .......  ..... 

\          .T  // 

idle       able       apple       addle        eagle         Ethel        oval       evil       awful       uncle       easel 

S-i  .......  *-v  ......  ^  .....  t-  .....  ^—L^-JL.^ 

ply       play       blow        blue        clay         claw         glue        flee        fly       flow       flew      flaw 

1  ......  L  ......  i  .......  i  ........  4  ......  .v  ......  ^  ......  ITS.  .....  S=L 

"N  -I         t        A  <^          5"        XL 

Bible       title        total        tackle        double        chapel        bam?        bevel       cobble         regal 


reply        bottle        fickle          vocal          knuckle         legal         illegal  partel  tunnel 

funnel  enamel  -bushel  official  rural  choral  rouble 

i  ..........  ?-  ............  v-v-^  .........  v--^--^--17 

trouble        trifle        prattle)       blacker        plumper         plural         clamor         floral        nailer 


place       applause       angles         close         staple         stable         replace         pleased         closed 


struggle          pickles        rubbers          blooms          pupils^o       clauses          classes  pleases 

47.     S  may  precede  the  /  hook  by  making  the  circle  within  the  hook. 

..5....   A.    i.      -f.       i       ./._....±r.  ....^... 

•/  <**_2' 

supply          splice          sable        subtle         settle        satchel          sickle         civil          sooner 

..........  5-  ............  J  ..............  .  .......... 


possible  bicycle  dispfay  displace          disclose  physical  plausible 

blissful          classical  explosive         noticeable          dissemble          feasible          exclusive 


24 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 


.j .^_ : : ^....., :*, • ,_J3L 

Vf>  • 

s.  G —          \s 

2 A .:._... (S ./?. 

< 

o"  «*V  cv» 

3....    x  x  ^  x    -          x  ^— ° 

4 ! ^\> •. :. / G^>... 

J    O 

e i ~zr ...J \ x \Lf>. v    . 

jv  ""  w  ^ 

7 

8. 

V  •  x^ 

9 - -? : ^ V 

r         1"      X 

10    <L-^K     t  .     _> 

y 

a 

12 :*±b. _-s.. 

Word  signs: 

13....1 ^ .\ ^ L... .....±:.. 

people-d,  apply- led,  belong-ed.  at  all-until,  deliver-y,  equal-ly, 

difficult-y,  follow,  value. 


25 


THE    N    HOOK 

48.     A  small  FINAL  hook  opposite  the  circle  side  of  straight,  and  on  the  inside 
of  curved  strokes,  represents  N. 

A  ......  L..  A     _*£__£     _=»^_X_^C-k>    k,     C 

JA  -  ? 

pine        ton        down       chain      join      can       gain        rain        hen       fun        vain        thin 


.......  .......     -.  .....     __._.  _.  ......   . 

V  i 

than        zone        shun        lean         earn        mine          known        fine          hone  heaven 


^->"  —.A-—       £ -K— - 

human      iron      ocean      often      evening       refine        banish      plenty       twenty       finish 

"  V£H3? ""iffc' •"" ^^| '  "       '      "• '/' S 

finance         Baybnne         bayonet          money          many  funny  ruin  lion 

49.     S,  ses,  isl,  and  ster  are  written  on  the  n-hook  side  of  straight  letters  to 
represent  final  ns,  nses,  nst,  or  nstr.   A  circle  may  be  added  to  the  loops  for  a  final  S. 

^         j;    j.     j.    v    f,    x-   !><>    P. 

dA 
pains       towns-      dines       trains       strains       brains       queens       hence        turns       stones 

dances        princes        trances         chances         Kansas         glances         expenses         essences 


pounced         against          pranced  pronoun  pronounced          punster          punsters 

50.     On  curved  letters,  the  circle  is  written  in  the  hook  for  final  S. 


vines        loans        moans'        frowns        shrines        remonstrance        evinces        announces 

THE    F    or    V    HOOK 

51.     A  small  FINAL  hook  on  the  circle  side  of  straight  stems  adds  F  or  V. 

.  — _.— -V •"-"•••-—•"•"       •• •      -yr- -|~  -— — — — •  -      «— 

tough        dove        chief        gave        roof        heave        grove        strife        refer        reference 

r       *L       r  s'     *\/?      •/'"    ~r^\     ^^    b~> 

defense         driven          discovery          behave          achieve         cover         reserve         Tiffany 

..NB „' hx.. r  °* 3?.— .xlr--o u .o^-.V?^ 

paves        coughs       drives        derives       gloves        observes        refuse        trophy        survey? 

26 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 


I__*H IT. .-^_.... L 

Jo 

g*  ^     X°      3:      P 

dn 
5 _.V cL P.. 

o* 

6        \  X  J 

""V '  V"~*     fl. 

7 -lv — ^L _..- 

o  •  ^^  ^y 

9 Jj .~5l Isi-' 

J.     J."d-     0-"" 

Word  signs: 

12  ,/          Vj  .~x  v. 

.... -j 

general-ly,        can,        begin.          phonography,         opinion,  our  own,  your  own. 

/  J  N  I 

13  P  I  </  _  a..  —A -I/. — . 

-~\- 'f— 

at  length,         at  once.        generals-ize,         generalized,         remembrance,         differ-ent-ence. 
advance-d,       careful-ly,        hope  to  have,      Vhatever,       out  of,  whichever,       whoever. 


27 


THE    SHUN    HOOK 

52.     The  syllable  shun  is  represented  by  a  LARGE  final  hook  on  either  side 
of  straight  letters  and  on  the  inside  of  curved   letters. 

^ v £- ^— ^> ^ -^ «> 

option         passion         addition          auction          occasion          fashion          evasion         session 


illusion         oration         ration         emotion         notion         unction         education  adoption 

I                                            ^                                                   |-^  i 

admission          delusion           fiction           function           location          erection  ammunition 

•                             .z.                          ,  ••       •/• 

•> — *                     I       /^                          (_                             \                       '      "^\  ^ 

~rj  \ fc,  n  -^  ^]- 

•  ~"t/X™ 

notation           educational            sectional              petitioner)           auctioneer  dictionary 

"'"    visionary         attention         application         ambition         operation  intimation 
53.     5,  following  the  shun  hook,  is  made  inside  of  the  hook. 


potions          editions          actions  visions  allusions  litigations  sanctions 


motions          ovations  lotions  nations  notations  ascensions  junctions 

THE    S-SHUN    HOOK 

54.  Shun  is  also  expressed  by  a  SMALL  hook  following  the  5  or  «5  circle. 
A  first-place  vowel  occurring  between  the  5  and  shun  is  written  at  the  beginning  of 
the  hook,  and  a  second  -place  vowel  is  written  at  the  end  of  the  hook  The  hook- 
vowel  does  not  govern  the  word  -position. 


opposition  oppositional.  possession  accession  precision  procession 

.1  .......  !*.  ........  1... 


decision  physician  cessation  musician  supposition  processional 

55.     5  may  follow  the  s-shun  hook  by  writing  the  circle  inside  of  the  hook. 


(.  —    -^ 
positions  dispensations  expositions  acquisitions5     ^     transitions 


depositions'®5  impositions  civilizations  propositions  sensations 

28 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 


i e ^ * £ £ /r 

i 

O> 

^.         <\  '^""X          I 

6 

X) 

Vv 

5 Y       1        n  s*-     <L<jz/*     i> 

nf 

9.. 

Word  signs: 

objection,  information,  satisfaction,  description,  from,.  over, 

very-every,  there-their,      other,          sure-Iy,          pleasure,          Mf--remark-able-bly,          more, 
describe-d,      practiced,        character,         characters-ize,         characterized,         characteristic. 


29 


ADDED       T    or    D 

56.     By  writing  a  stroke  consonant  HALF  its  Usual  length,  T  or  D  is  added: 

(a)  T  is  added  to  light,  and  D  to  heavy,  SIMPLE  strokes. 

(b)  T  or  D  is  added  to  COMPOUND  characters,  or  to  a  half-length  stroke 
written  with  another  stroke. 

The  added  sound  is  read  after  the  stem  and  after  all  vowels  and  hooks,  but 
before  the  final  circle.     The  outlines  are  written  above,  on  and  below  the  line. 

iv  iv  _^  ,,  QV  \r  i» 

I  V.  ^~  V^  *  \  N>  Xo 

. — a .^-  -<u^. _ 

tight        fight        late        art        might        neat       sent        sapped        spite        pits        feats 

P_  I*  ^  ^_  £-  __  £ 

vjv  .^rt  ^  A/ 

deed        died        jade       egged       void        vowed       viewed         couch      couched       chalked 

-V  /.  iv 

?Lx  -6  i  J 


-A V 

wend       wind       achieved       tent       dined         brightly        heartily         betrayed         talkative 

pride        plate        bent        band         blend        tends         prints         braids         faints         gifts 

57.  D  is  added  to  the  simple  strokes  m  and  n,  when  standing  alone,  by  making 
them  heavy.     The  simple  strokes  ray,  emp  and  ing,  are  not  halved  when  standing 
alone.     Compound  characters  are  stems  with  hooks,  the  semicircle,  or  heh  tick. 

made  mad  aimed       seemed       end       send        signed        sound        need         ends 

58.  The  final  syllable  led  or  ded  is  expressed  by  a  half-length  T  or  D;  dis- 
joined if  necessary  and  is  not  vowelized. 

When  joined,  L    is  written  upward  to  express  LT,  and  downward  to  express  LD. 
..  < — i  i  i  -i  i 

-j»-|—        --'  -p—      ^ 

coated        evaded         intended         counted         fainted        dated         offended         felt        field 

SUFFIXES 

59.  Ing  is  represented  by  a  light  dot,  ings  by  a  small  circle,  and  ing  the  by  the 
chetoid  tick  written  at  the  end  of  a  word. 


\ 

\ 

1                ?—  =" 

^    . 

.cs 

\  . 

paying 

buying 

trying         screening 

having 

thinking 

shining 

speaking 

1 

TN, 

O                         ^.•ff~' 

-ao 

r 

JUU.c__ 

•>»,/.„ 

doings         meetings         drawings 

60.  Ility,  ality,  and  arity  are  expressed  by  disjoining  the  consonant  that 
comes  immediately  before  the  ility,  etc.,  and  writing  it  close  to  the  preceding  part 
of  the  word. 


suitability        stability        responsibility  formality          prosperity          popularity 

30 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 


7""  '  V 

.../ I- 


.X 


3' ? 

C_    L 


^x 


ll li 


r, 


1- *- 

I Ic 


.4: . 


\» 


\ 

\. 


'  o    . 


Word  signs: 

N 


12 


_v 


particular-ly,         opportunity,        part,        remembered,        at  hand,        did  not,        do  not, 


13 


had  not,        gentlemen,        gentleman,         quite,         couli.        good,         that,         without, 


immediate-ly,        under,        hand-owned,        somewhat. 

31 


ADDED      THER,    TER,    or    DER 

61.  The  syllable  ther,  ter,  or  der,  is  added  by  writing  any  curved  stroke  DOUBLE 
length.  Downward  stems  are  written  on,  through,  and  three-quarters  below  the 
line.  The  upward  stroke,  lay,  is  written  above,  on,  and  through  the  line.  The  added 
syllable  is  read  after  the  stem  and  after  all  vowels  and  hooks,  but  before  the  final 
circl 


letter  lighter          fattier.         order          neither          enter  weather/  whither 


defender  tempter  smoother  orderly  fighters  center  voters 


motors  finders  slender  fomenter  meters  diameters  another 

PREFIXES 

62.     Con,  com,  or  cog  is  indicated  by  a  light  dot,  written  at  the  beginning  of  a, 
word.     In  the  middle  of  a  word  it  is  indicated  by  disjoining  the  following  part  of  the 
outline  and  writing  it  under,  or  close  to,  the  part  preceding  con,  etc. 
•q  .  \v 

JL  .Aft-  ~±  .......  :^h-  .......  :*j^..... 

^~A 

contain        consider         confess         compound        combine         community       communication 

A 


unconfined          accomplish         recognition  reconsider  recommend  incomplete 

63.     Self,  or  circum  is  represented  by  a  small  circle  as  follows: 


<]' 

selfish          self-respect  self-evident          circumspect          circumvent          circumjacent 

64.     In,  en,  or  un  is  represented  by  a  small  backward  hook  before  the  spr  series; 
on  curved  letters  it  is  expressed  before  the  initial  circle. 


inseparable  inspiration  instruction  instrument  unsalable  enslaved 

65.     Magna,  magne,  or  magni  is  indicated  by  a  disjoined  M. 


magnitude      magnify       magnificent       magnetic      magnanimous      magnanimity 
66.     Contr  or  counter  is  expressed  as  follows: 


Contreversy          contradict  contradiction  counteract  countersign 

32 


•^1 


v  y 

7 v- ^    ^ • 

.<C .'..^...^ E§ 


v 


8 


10 


^ 


•A 


J^    t 


Word  signs: 


12 


Material,        immaterial,  commence,          commenced,          commences  •  United  States 

13 .d. CL -t^) -A Ijb-— .\ 

circumstancej    circumstances,    experience,    experienced,    inexperience,    inexperienced,    entire 

33 


SPECIAL    VOCALIZATION 

67.  The  vowel  sound  used  in  connection  with  the  ses  circle  is  the  short  second 
place  dot.  Other  vowel  sounds  may  be  indicated  by  writing  the  sign  within  the 
circle. 


insist,      exhaust  exist  exercise  emphasis  emphasize 


J! 


suspicious  suspect  suspend  incisive  Caesar  Cicero 

68.     Occasionally  vowels  may  be  expressed  between  the  stem  and  the  /  or  r 
hooks,  as  follows: 

(a)  Make  a  small  circle  before  the  stroke  for  the  long  dot  vowels,  and  after  the 
stroke  for  the  short  dot  vowels. 

(b)  First-place  dash  vowels  and  diphthongs  are  written  before  or  over  the  hook; 
second-  and  third-place  dash  vowels  or  diphthongs  are  written  through  the  stem  in 
their  respective  places. 


skill,        tell          scale          call          cool          collect          correct          real  rail  rule 

e+^  r-«4-o 

$  

near  nor  mere  more  agriculture  short  farmer  further 

o 

69.     The  final  syllable  ly,  may  be  disjoined  when  it  does  not  form  an  angle 
with  the  preceding  part  of  the  word. 


plainly  blindly  kindly  manly  justly  heavenly 

70.  The  circle  iss  may  be  added  to  words  or  word  signs  to  form  the  plural 
number  or  possessive  case.     Lay,  may  also  be  added  to  words,  or  word  signs  for 
the  final  syllable  ly. 

71.  Word  signs,  joined  or  disjoined,  may  be  used  as  parts  of  words. 


34 


READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISE 


\2 


6 


/^       ?c Ix^- 

/-  Y 

"* 


35 


WORD  SIGNS 


V 


/ 

; / 


•••/••••- 


t  

J.... 

r 


..L.. 


.(  ...........  (.  .............  .( 


)  .........  2 


7. o 


-t t 


s : x-b.. 

/       c 


£ 

..L 


Z 


«.^ C. 


._._\._    .........  f 


..Q....... 


14  i    J 

M..I. I / 


J ./. 


17  .. 


L  ..........  ....a 


A... 


36 


Portions  of  the  following  words 
word  signs. 


WORD-SIGN  WORDS 

are  composed  of  one  or  more 


b.                 advancement             ^N 
I  afterward 

onward 

V 

^                    ^  —  \         altogether                  o 

subjected 

£           s     •xs—/'     anyhow                                 / 

N  to-day 
to-morrow 

\               awe 

-S*?.....  undersell 
undersign 

v             disadvantage                  x' 

N«^x...  undersigned 
underwriter 

i                    i 
V                   V              foreclose                    ^  f 
*      D-  -^  1-  foreclosure                        >  — 

p....:.  whatsoever 

yXj    whensoever 
*r      Jf    whereas 

-J 

I                       I           forever                            JP 
-i*~~.  /S?\....  forward                     fr    V«^ 

y\    wheresoever 

s       s 

A                      A       hereafter                          xf 

/      wherever 

misunderstand 

.p  whichsoever 
whosoever 

v^_^i               \  v        nobody                          f" 

•>  \V_.  objectionable 

withdraw 

J         withheld 
withstand 

Word  signs: 


, Si .^ D 

Yourself,         myself,         himself,        themselves,     ourselves,         yourselves. 


OUTLINES 


In  order  to  write  with  the  rapidity  of  speech,  words  can  be  represented  only 
by  their  consonant  outlines,  although  occasionally  it  may  be  necessary  to  insert 
vowels.  As  a  majority  of  the  consonant  letters  are  formed  in  two  or  more  ways, 
many  words  may  be  written  with  several  different  outlines. 

The  principal  guide  to  the  selection  of  outlines  is  that  of  convenience  and  ease 
in  writing.  How  to  make  this  selection,  aside  from  the  word  signs  and  the  words 
in  the  following  lists,  must  be  left  to  the  stenographer.  To  qualify  him  for  this 
selection  it  is  absolutely  necessary  that  he  should  possess  a  thorough  knowledge 
of  the  principles  as  given  in  the  previous  lessons.  If  he  does  not  possess  this 
knowledge  he  should  review  the  work  before  proceeding  further. 

Each  principle  must  be  thoroughly  learned  and  applied  before  facility  will 
be  acquired  for  writing  from  miscellaneous  matter. 


WORDS  DISTINGUISHED  BY  DIFFERENCE  IN  OUTLINE 

account,  count 

L * 


agent,  gentleman 


.J\ l auditor,  daughter 

f 

..._ _..\^ better,  battery 


fiscal,  physical 
order,  rather 


accordance, 

(credence       \^ \^...\3.  perhaps-propose; 

(purpose 
annual,  only 

poor,  pure 

appropriate, 

(propriety      .\ ^ product,  protect 

appropriation, 

(preparation      ./f~^\ ./f^.....  renewed,  ruined 


copy,  occupy 
editor,  debtor 


retain,  written, 
(return 

separate,  support 
situation,  station 


Ji editor,  debtor  i   ^  n 

l/^S J  terrible,  trouble 

....  V .>^. favored,  favorite  0  |    ^7 

^-i  : y. ]/.... ,  train,  turn 


38 


CONTRACTED  WORDS 

The  outlines  of  the  following  words,  because  of  their  awkward  forms  when 
written  in  full,  are  contracted  by  writing  only  their  prominent  consonants. 
These  are  called  "Contractions."  The  outlines  are  generally  suggestive  of  the 
words  they  represent,  but  they  should  be  thoroughly  memorized  so  that  they 
may  be  written  without  hesitation. 


acknowledge 

astonish-ed-ment 

capable-y 

challenge-d 

change 

chapter 

December 

determination 

determine-d 

develop-ed 

development 

discriminate 

establish-ed-ment 

extraordinary 

familiar 

familiarly 
,.  February 
.3 identical-ly 

independent 

independently 

indiscriminate 

indiscriminately 

indispensable 

indispensably 

individual 

individually 

individuality 

influential-ly 
i_.    intelligence 
,.J/.....  intelligent 
intelligently 
intelligible 
irregular 

irregularly 

January 

magazine 

messenger 

misrepresent-ed 

memorandum 


mistake 

mistaken 

mortgage 

neglect-ed 

never 

nevertheless 

new  -  knew 
notwithstanding 
-  November 


passenger 

peculiar 

peculiarly 

phonographer 

phonographic 

popular 

popularly 

practical 

practically 

practicability 

practicable 

privilege-d 

probable 

probably 

proper-ty 
properly 
.  public-ish-ed 

publication 
regular 
.  regularly 

represent-ed 

representation 

representative 

respect -ed 

stenographer 

stenographic 

sufficient 

sufficiently 

territory 


39 


SIMPLE  PHRASES 

The  following  phrases  should  be  written  again  and  again  until 
ease  and  rapidity  have  been  secured. 


• 

for  the  matter 

.r^L±^_ 

all  right 
anybody  else 

H  ,  how  many 

has  been 

^v^^W^ 

anything  else 
anything  more 

_0     

.  I  am 

as  far  as 

i 

,—  ^  —  "  I  am  afraid 

s-  tJ 

<r*  a-e~, 

as  fast  as 

as  great  as 
as  good  as 

_„.._••  i  am  certain 

\^—  £_  ^—  •>>      I  am  glad 
.._.  NC^  I  am  very  glad 

CL..A. 

as  long  as 
as  much  as 

""X 

-*11 

v^o  I  am  very  truly  yours 
fr.  ^_  I  am  sure 

6 

SLJ?_.QJU 

as  soon  as 
as  soon  as  possible 

I    \ 

rx 

v—  ^  I  am  surprised 
I  am  sorry 

\ 

j£_A- 

as  well  as 
as  well  as  possible 

n~/ 

'*            I  am  very  sorry 
.Vv_-t    I  have  no  doubt 

IA 

\ 

°Y?^—*- 

as  early  as  possible 
as  the 

-v  

I  think  so 
-/_  .  .  I  thank  you 

v; 

I  shall  be 

&!±^±Z. 

as  follows 
,  as  near  as  you  can 

4~- 

J      I  shall  be  glad 

as  has  been 

2 

i         I  shall  not  be 
a     if  he  is 

*  Hr- 

at  the 

~*V 

i 

i            if  the  matter 

at  that 

I           '1 

s^ 

.V  —  =•  if  you  can 

.  1        1  .2=. 

at  owner  s  risk 

**  *" 

r    ^js 

at  sender's  risk 
by  the  way 

*±=a 

i            if  you  cannot 
r'.^TT'.  if  you  can  have 

\t__^sr 

i 

i         if  it  is  possible 

V   ,11      IV  '<l'  1                                                                                         \  

=TT      carte  blanche                          •—  J  

_S.._  if  it  is  to  be 

^___ld 

dear  sir 
.  dear  madam 

^ 

/          in  answer 
^~-f  inasmuch  as 
6 

i     kA 

dear  friend 
did  you  receive 

^ 

^_^    in  this  city 
It  in  your  city 

\» 

did  you  mention 

first  place 

\ 

X? 

^~f/  —  '  in  your  place 
K_  ,  in  your  letter 

first-class 
.  ___  S~™  for  it  is 


•* — •*      — ^L     in  the  way 
Jj J). in  the  west 


40 


SIMPLE  PHRASES— Continued 

Each  time  these  phrases  are  written,  they  should  be  compared 
with  the  outlines  given  until  they  can  be  written  without  error. 


in  the  country 
in  this  country 

.,        in  the  manner 
.  p_^  in  the  meantime 

, — ^  in  the  matter 
in  that  matter 

v_j>  in  this  matter 
— /.  in  such 

f>    in  such  cases 
is  the 

,    it  has  been 
QL-   it  is  necessary 

it  is  only 
tfTT^   it  seems  to  me 


\< — o  it  would  be 

—.  of  course 

sj  of  this  date 
—  on  the 

on  cars 

...  A on  track 

i\  on  sale 

...\LS  per  cent. 

t\/=>  per  month 

-r..J! price  list 

<  price  lists 

.  such  has  been 

(,  that  the 

...  _, that  is 

A  thank  you 

,..^o.  that  place 

/  this  place 

-f° o  this  class 

f>  /  there  is 

\^-...  there  are 


4 


there  has  been 
to  some  extent 

to  be  able  to 
truly  yours 

very  little 
very  likely 

very  truly 
very  truly  yours 

who  is 
with  his 

which  would  be 
_  which  would  not  be 

'    will  be  satisfactory 
—  we  are 


f       /^\      we  will 
* >.._  we  will  be 


4 


we  can  have 
we  cannot 

we  cannot  have 


we  have  yours 
~  we  have  your  letter 

we  shall 
we  shall  be 

we  are  very  truly  yours 
your  city 

your  place 
your  letter 

you  are  in 
you  will  be 

you  may  have 
you ^ 


41 


CONTRACTED  PHRASES 

Additional  methods  of  phrasing  will  be  found  in  the  following 
list.  The  principles  employed  can  be  applied  to  other  phrases, 
but  the  list  embraces  all  that  will  be  of  special  value. 


:Ht 


at  hand 
is  at  hand 

let  us  hear 
-let  us  know 

let  us  proceed 
— have  their-there 
was  there-their 
was  there  anything 

in  their 

their 

for  there 
for  there  is 

if  there  is 

if  there  is  anything 

receive  their 
when  there  is 

whenever  there  is 
7      _  I  think  there  will  be 

I  think  there  is 
""0    I  am  sure  there  is 


JL 

±L 


__A- 


our  own 
your  own 

their  own 
.  know  their  own 

receive  their  own 
at  one 


p     some  one 
__VA_every  one 

other  than 
__j£T5>L_niore  than 

sooner  than 
L     faster  than 

x9  less  than 
,/_..._.  rather  than 

later  than 
.further  than 

longer  than 
better  than 


greater  than 
in  consideration 
in  order,-to 
in  receipt  of,-the 

in  receipt  of  yours 

I  am  in  receipt  of  yours 

I  am  in  receipt  of  your 

letter 

we  are  in  receipt  of-the 
we  are  in  receipt  of  yours 

we  are  in  receipt  of 

your  favor 
in  referring  to,-the 
in  reference  to,-the 
in  regard  to,-the 
in  respect  to,-the 
in  response  to,-the 
in  reply  to,-the 

in  reply  to  yours 

in  reply  to  your  favor 

in  reply  to  your  letter 
in  relation  to,-the 

yesterday  morning 
this  morning 

Monday  morning 
Tuesday  morning 

Wednesday  morning 
Thursday  morning 

Friday  morning 
Saturday  morning 
Sunday  morning 
at  last 

at  least 

at  first 

at  any  rate 

at  the  same  price 

at  the  time 

at  the  same  time 


CONTRACTED  PHRASES— Continued 


t 


_v 


at  that  time 
at  any  time 

at  one  time 
at  some  time 

according  to, -the 
again  and  again 

bill  of  sale 

bill  of  exchange 

bill  of  lading 
bills  receivable 

bills  payable 
by  express 

collect  on  delivery 
certain  extent 

east  and  wrest 
esteemed  favor 

errors  and  omissions 
for  the  first  time 

for  a  long  time 
for  some  time 

f.o.b. 
f.o.b,  cars, 

free  on  board  here 
great  extent 

I  beg  to  acknowledge 
I  beg  to  thank  you 

I  beg  to  say 
I  beg  to  advise 

I  beg  to  state 

in  answer  to  yours 

in  answer  to  your  favor 
invoice  and  bill  of  lading 

my  dear  sir 
^.  my  dear  friend 

more  and  more 
O.K. 


.  ,       replying  to  yours 

_/\ /_\.._  replying  to  your  favor 

/7     ,      *~   cordially  yours 
*      _  faithfully  yours 


fraternally  yours 
respectfully  yours 

sincerely  yours 
in  the  first  place 

in  the  second  place 
>9  in  the  next  place 

in  the  last  place 

trust  you  will 

(ces 

<i          under  the  circumstan- 
-N.P —  ._..X»_.,  we  beg  to  acknowledge 

we  beg  to  state 
^  yes,  sir 

no,  sir 
your  favor 

yours  truly 
_  yours  faithfully 

this  week 
.  next  week 

last  week 
3-?.  „  on  the  one  hand 


on  the  other  hand 
Savings  Association 

Medical  Society 
Railway  Company 

Smith  &  Co. 
Legal  Department 

Erie  Railway    (stances 
many   of   the   circum- 

value  of  the  property 
head  of  the  department 

I     something  of  the  kind 
L.  from  time  to  time 

from  day  to  day 
,._  from  20  to  30 

for  the  sake  of 
more  or  less 

(case 

circumstances    of    the 
where  do  you  reside 

(tion 

what  is  your   occupa- 
do  you  know  whether 


p 

.Q, 


1  1 

J.1  ----- 


..._ 
30 


cf- 


ALPHABETICAL    LIST 


of  word  signs  and  the  words  included  in  the  special  lists  preceding. 


A 
accordance 
.  account 

<~~s 

acknowledge 
addition 
advance-d 

-7  L 

-U  /- 
i     i   i 

I 

advancement 
advantage 
1      advertise 

advertised 
advertises 

i    b 

^c\  agent 
'  ago 

ah 

all 
N           already 
altogether 

am 
an 
•      and 

•¥— 

v  —  V    ->_ 

annual-ly 
v  —  ^  any 

,  anybody 

«       anyhow 
^     \     anything 
^     ,  appear 

V-V 

N   ,/ 

apply 
\appropriate 
appropriation 
approve 
are 
o..  as 

N> 

assure 
astonish-ed-ment 
P...  at  all 

J  

1 

at  first 
.    at  hand 
I  .  at  length 

b           J 

.1  _  S 

n  at  once 
(     auditor 

d 

*   •> 

A     ° 

aware 
1     away 
_  awe 

balance 
\battery 
be 

been 
\            because 

V™.,.  become 

before 
~^"    began 

.j 

^ 

begun 
\       behind 
..  \.  .  belief-believe 

belong-ed 
better 
• -U  but 

beyond 
call 

~^>.,  can 


yl 


JL 


1    I 


capable-y 
careful-ly 
challenge-d 

change 
chapter 
character 

characteristic 

characterized 

?.-   characters-ize 

circumstance 
circumstances 
••-   come 

commence 
commenced 
•—  commences 

common 

company 

compassion 

compliance 

copy 

consequent 

constituent 

could 

count 

credence 

danger 

daughter 

dear 

debtor 

December 

degree 

deliver-y 

describe-d 

description 
develop-ed 
development 

determination 
determine-d 
did  not 

differ-ent-ence 

difficult-y 

disadvantage 

discriminate 

do 

do  not 

doctor 
dollar 
during 

editor 
enlarge-d 


44 


entire 

equal-ly 

equalization 

establish-ed-ment 

ever 

every 

extraordinary 

eye 

familiar 

familiarly 

favored 

favorite 


indiscriminately 

indispensable 

indispensably 

individual 

individually 

individuality 


J_         _  .1 
I         J 

~«^"~  \  ......... 


/          6          o 


gi  ve-n 

good 

govern-ed-ment 

had 

had  not 
half 

hand 

happen 

happy 

has 

have 

he 

hereafter 

hereinafter 

herself 

him 

himself 

his 

hope 

hope  to  have 

how 

however 
hundred 
I 

identical-ly 

i  magine-ary-ation 

immaterial 

immediate-ly 

i  mportant-ance 

impossible-ility 

improves 

improve-d-ment 

inconsiderate 

independent 

independently 

indiscriminate 


January 

knew 

language 

large 

larger 

largest 


memorandum 


misrepresent-ed 

mistake 

mistaken 

misunderstand 
misunderstood 
mortgage 


never 

nevertheless 

new 

next 

nobody 

notwithstanding 

November 
now 
..!V.  number 

object 

\v         v          objection 
\> .\V..  objectionable 

objective 

\            T\       x    occupy 
...V- >.- _   of 


oh 

on 

oneself 

only 

onward 

opinion 

opportunity 


«\ 

} 

ui 

order 

other 

s 

ought 

c  

-> 

our  own 
ourselves 

0 

out  of 

~N 

1  >:.. 

over 

I li 


A- 


owe 

owing 

own 

owned 

passenger 

part 

party 

particular-ly 

peculiar 

peculiarly 

people-d 

perhaps 

phonographer 
phonographic 
phonography 

physical 

pleasure 

poor 

popular 

popularly 

practice 

practical 

practiced 

practicable 

practically 

practicability 

preparation 

principle-al-ly 

privilege-d 

probable 

probably 

product 

profit 

proof 

proper-ty 

properly 

propose 

propriety 

protect 

prove 

publtc-ish-ed 

publication 

pure 

purpose 

quite 

rather 
regular 
regularly 


...L 

,< : 

1 L t 

~ L L 

„/.     .    /.„  ._.  /.. 
\>        V         V 


remark-able-bly 

remember 

remembered 

remembrance 

renewed 

represent-ed 

representation 
representative 
respect-ed 

retain 
return 
ruined 

satisfaction 
satisfactory 
satisfactorily 

satisfy-fied 

separate 

several 

shall 

should 

situation 

somewhat 

spirit 
subject 

subjected 

sufficient 

sufficiently 

suggest 

support 

sure-ly 

surprise 

station 

stenographic 

stenographer 

stenography 

tell 

territory 

terrible 

thank 

that 

the 

their 

there 

them 

themselves 

thing 

think 

this 

those 

though 

thousand 

throughout 

thus 

till 

time 
to 
to  a 

to  be 

to-day 
together 

to-morrow 

too 

to  the 


46 


...1. 


toward 
trouble 
.......  train 

turn 
two 

\ ?**?....   under 


../ 


when 
which 
whichever 


r 


JL 


undersell 
undersign 
undersigned 

underwriter 

unless 

United  States 

until 

us 


whichsoever 
/  who 

..P /.. -v......  whoever 


-t r 


...a... 


X ) 


usual-ly 

value 
very 
...  was 


t 


we 

we  are 
..<=....  were 


whereupon 
wherever 
we  will 

what 

whatever 

whatsoever 


1 


whosoever 

whom 

will 

wish 
with 
withdraw 

withheld 

within 

without 


r 


withstand 
woman 
..-  women, 

would 
written 
..-  year 

yet 
you 
your 

your  own 

yourself 

..  yourselves 


4V 


WORDSIGNS  PHONOGRAPHICALLY  ARRANGED 

(KEY  TO  ELEVEN  SHORT  LETTERS  IN  THE  READER) 
I. 


\ 

...S^  appliance                   > 

*  been 

•  0                                                           » 

\\                                                 ^ 

.v  operation 

V  belief  -believe 

x^\  > 

\)       oppression 

v  objective 

\ 

...VS\..  approve-al 

v  objection 

V          .  .                 s 

v.  able  to 

«x 

....„&  position                       

^s 

behind 

r\  opportunity 

...V..  possession 

III. 
time 

part 

profit 

...  it 

<\ 

N                  .    . 

spirit 

3        its-self 

\^  happen 
^\         practiced                    •••••• 

II. 

A.  object-be 

satisfy-ied 
/     satisfactory 

surprise 

f 

\  to  be 
o                                                           r 

^"~     satisfactorily 

Ci        inexperience 

...  \..      subject                               Y 

Q       inexperienced             

\                                           P.  satisfaction 
belong-ed                         U 

o       experience                  

( 

.      till-tell 

....^.  balance 

until-at  all 

^       experienced               •"••• 

Cv 

.>  member-remember 

.V.  hope  to  have 

\ 
...     compliance 

1  at  first 
...^*y.  number 

cv                                              1  at  once 
o        remembrance 

48 


J  

I 

at  length 
whatever 
out  of 
circumstance 
circumstances 
constituent 
at  hand 

toward 
IV. 
dollar 

do 
had 
advertise 
advertises 
advertisement 
deliver-y 
deliverance 
doctor 

1 

dear 

1 

I 

t  
1 

I 

differ-ent-ence 

.2.  -  larger 

I 
I 

advance-d 

<y    generals-ize 

J 

1 

J 

J._. 

do  not 

.  —  .«.  generalization 

j'     ' 
1    „ 

had  not 

t/ 

I 

J 

T 

.  inconsiderate 

v      •    gentleman 

/ 

V. 

each 

VI. 

I 

/ 

—..  which 

*  come-company 
because 

1 

/... 

much 
whichever 

fc  

b- 

k  

£ 

suggest 

v  c.  difficult-y 

/ 

advantage 

L 

../... 

large 
largest 

A.  .-..„  careful-ly 

1 

^-    describe 

49 


o  — 

begin 

0.  value 

••"•--'•  begun 

A 

—...descriptive 

•  began 

every-  very 

—        could 

-  .  —  z>  govern-ed-ment 

VIII 

got 

\  think 

....  —  get-good 

-  /  thank-thousand 

o 

signify 

throughout 

...in..-:  character 

*         significance 

t...v.  •  "  characters-ize 

L.  for 

/..—  though 

..    .  I          half 

,...tz  —      rf->  characterized 

.S:  follow 

C.  thus-those 

-—  SL  full-y 

C 

\  there-their 

*  consequence 

.    ..  X,  _    from 

C         other 

w....:  ji.    can 

NA      phonography 

_  that 

VII. 

give-n 

^s»      several 

\     .  ,.  without 

together 

.._  ever 

\  us 

-  „  acfo 

/ 

/        was 

I          however 

^     .  shall 

50 

\^. under-hundred 


n 

hand-owned 

9        assure 

(Mr. 

•- 
entire-in  their 

^J        usual-ly 

union 

_>/        pleasure 

.     ..  thing 

X. 

•^^f^  language 

f~        will 

any 

XI. 

....7!\.  away 

-x         our  own 

^..^  own 

J 

v.  p                                        K 

f         ,  your 

x"^         are 

influence 

....«..._  your  own 

x'      aware 

?s~*?.  commence 

the 

/*  —  "s       am 

influences 

a-an 

women 

.  —  ^^.  commences-United 

(States 

ah 

f^~~^      woman 

>  influenced 

s 
all 

somewhat 

N-^^...  .  commenced-next 

.  .N  tWO-tOO 

important-ance 

-^wr^.....  stenography 

1 

..„  already 

/^"N,       improve-d-ment 

owner-in  our 

immediate-ly 

.._  opinion 

1,..,  before 

^  o 

owe-oh 

impossible-ility 

^    information 

51 


„ „ ought 

/ who 

whom 

„ &        whoever 

_ whomever 


of 


,.N to 

to  the 


..I but 


to  a 


...x. should 

how 

v 
I-eye 

c 
we-with 


-^ would 

u 


year 


y yet 

n 


...  beyond 


a you 

o 

is-his 

., Q- as-has 

fc <?. first 


or 


what 


52 


NAMES  OF  COUNTRIES  AND  STATES 


Africa 
Alabama 
Alaska 
Algeria 
America 
.  Arabia 
Argentine  Rep. 
Arizona 
Arkansas 
Armenia 
Australia 
Austria 
Belgium 
Bolivia 
Brazil 
Bulgaria 
California 
Canada 
Chile 
China 
Colorado 
Colombia 
Connecticut 
Continent 
Cuba 
Delaware 
Denmark 
Dist.  of    Columbia 
Ecuador 
Egypt 
England 
Europe 
Florida 
France 
Georgia 
Germany 
Great  Britain 
Guiana 
Holland 
Hungary 
Idaho 
Illinois 
India 
Indiana 
Iowa 
Ireland 
Italy 
Japan 
Kansas 
Kentucky 
Louisiana 
Maine 
Manitoba 
Maryland 


Massachusetts 

Mexico 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Mississippi 
.  Missouri 

Montana 

Nebraska 
.  Nevada 

New  England 

Newfoundland 

New  Hampshire 

New  Jersey 

New  Mexico 

New  York 

New  Zealand 

North  Carolina 

North  Dakota 

Norway 

Nova  Scotia 

Ohio 

Oklahoma 

Oregon 

Paraguay 

Patagonia 

Pennsylvania 

Persia 

Peru 

Puerto  Rico 

Portugal 

Prussia 

Rhode  Island 

Russia 

Scotland 

Siberia 

South  Carolina 

South  Dakota 

Spain 

Sweden 

Switzerland 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Turkey 

Uruguay 

Utah 

Venezuela 

Vermont 

Virginia 

Wales 

Washington 

West  Indies 

West  Virginia 

Wisconsin 

Wyoming 


NAMES  OF  CITIES 


\S 


V^ 


Akron 

Albany 

Albuquerque 

Alleghany 

Allentown 

Altoona 

Amsterdam 

Antwerp 

Atlanta 

Atlantic  City 

Auburn 

Austin 

Baltimore 

Bangor 

Barcelona 

Bayonne 

Belfast 

Berlin 

Binghamton 

Birmingham 

Bloomington 

Bordeaux 

Boston 

Bremen 

Brattleboro 

Bridgeport 

Bristol 

Brooklyn 

Brussels 

Buenos  Ayres 

Buffalo 

Burlington 

Calcutta 

Cambridge 

Canton 

Catskill 

Cedar  Rapids 

Charleston 

Charlestown 

Charlottetown 

Chattanooga 

Chelsea 

Chicago 

Cincinnati 

Cleveland 

Columbia 

Columbus 

Constantinople 

Council  Bluffs 

Cumberland 

Dallas 

Danbury 

Dansville 

Dayton 


L^ b I 


Denver 
Des  Moines 
Detroit 
Dublin 
Duluth 
Easton 
Edinburgh 
C~~S    Elizabeth 
Elmira 
El  Paso 
Evansville 
Fall  River 
Findlay 
Fitchburg 
Florence 
Fort  Wayne 
Fort  Worth 
Galesburg 
Galveston 
Georgetown 
Glasgow 
Grand  Rapids 
Guelph 
Halifax 
Hamburg 
Hannibal 
Hanover 
Harrisburg 
Hartford 
Harvard 
Havana 
Haverhill 
Havre 
Holyoke 
Honolulu 
Houston 
Indianapolis 
Ithaca 
Jacksonville 
Jamaica 
Jersey  City 
Johnstown 
Joliet 

Kansas  City 
Knoxville 
Lake  wood 
Lansing 
Lexington 
Lima 
Lincoln 
Little  Rock 
Liverpool 
London 
Long  Island 


54 


NAMES  OF  CITIES— Continued 


Los  Angeles 

Louisville 

Madrid 

Manchester 

Marseilles 

Melbourne 

Memphis 

Middletown 

Milwaukee 

Minneapolis 

Mobile 

Monterey 

Montevideo 

Montreal 

Naples 

Nashville 

Newark 

New  Bedford 

New  Britain 

New  Brunswick 

Newburg 

Xew  Castle 

New  Haven 
>.  New  Orleans 

Newport 

New  York  City 
..  Niagara 

Norfolk 

Norwich 
.  Omaha 

Ontario 

Oshkosh 

Oswego 

Panama 

Paris 

Peekskill 

Peoria 

Pernambuco 
.  Philadelphia 

Pittsburg 

Portland 

Portsmouth 

Potsdam 

Poughkeepsie 

Princeton 

Providence 

Pueblo 
Quebec 
Quincy 

X    Richmond 
Rio  Janeiro 
Rochester 
Rockford 
Rome 


— J 


-A ' 


Sacramento 

Saganaw 

Saint  Augustine 

Saint  John 

Saint  Joseph 

Saint  Lawrence 

Saint  Louis 

Saint  Paul 

SaintPetersburg 

Salem 

Salt  Lake  City 

San  Antonio 

Sandusky 

San  Francisco 

San  Jose 

Santa  F6 

Santiago 

Saratoga 

Savannah 

Schenectady 

Scranton 

Seattle 

Sheffield 

Sioux  City 

Sommersville 

Springfield 

Stamford 

Stockholm 

Sydney 

Syracuse 

Taunton 

Terre  Haute 

Toledo 

Toronto 

Trenton 

Utica 

Valparaiso 

Vera  Cruz 

Victoria 

Vienna 

Warsaw 

Waterbury 

West  Point 

Wheeling 

Wichita 

Wilkesbarre 

Williamsport 

Wilmington 

Winnipeg 

Woonsocket 

Worcester 

Yankton 

Yonkers 

Youngstown 


NAMES  OF  PERSONS 


Abbott 

Abraham 
,  Adams 

Alexander 

Allen 
.  Anderson 

Andrews 

Appleton 
...  Armstrong 

Arnold 

Atkinson 
...  Atwood 

Bailey 

Baldwin 
...  Barker 

Barnes 

Bartlett 
....  Bedford 

Behrens 

Benedict 
...  Bennett 

Berger 

Bernard 
.,  Bingham 

Bowers 

Bradford 
...  Burke 

Burns 

Butler 
'..  Callahan 

Cameron 

Canfield 
L  Camden 

Campbell 

Carpenter 
...  Carroll 

Carter 

Chamberlain 

Christiansen 

Clark 

Clayton 

Clinton 

Coleman 

Collins 
. ..,  Comstock 

Cornell 

Corrigan 

Crawford 

Cunningham 

Curtis 

Davenport 

Davidson 

Da  vies 
..  Davis 


L_A_^ .Lo. .4 

u 


Dennison 
Dexter 
De  Witt 
Dickinson 

I     r^ f  c|j>x  Dixon 

Donaldson 

Douglass 

Dwight 

Eastman 

Eavenson 

Edison 

Edwards 

Elliott 

Emery 

Evans 

Farmer 

Ferguson 

Finch 

Fisher 

Flower 

Foster 

Fowler 

Franklin 

Fuller 

Fulton 

Gallagher 

Gardner 

Garrison 

Gates 

Gaylor 

Gaynor 

Gibbons 

Gibson 

Gilbert 

Goodyear 

Graham 

Grant 

Hancock 

Hall 

Hamilton 

Hammond 

Harper 

Harrison 

Hart 

Harvey 

Harwood 

Hastings 

Henderson 

Henry 

Higgins 

Hodgman 

Hoffman 

Holmes 

Hooker 


56 


NAMES  OF   PERSONS— Continued 


Hopkins 
Horner 

..  Houghton 
Howard 
Hudson 
Hughes 
Humphrey 
Hunt 
Hunter 
Huntington 
Hutchinson 
Jackson 
Jefferson 
Jennings 
.y.....>  Jewett 
Johnson 
Judson 
Kellogg 
Kendall 
Kennedy 
Kenyon 
Lambert 
Lancaster 

,  Lewis 
Livingston 
Lockhart 
Logan 

Lombard 

Lowell 

Lynch 

Lyons 

Mackensie 

Madison 

Mansfield 

Marshall 

Martin 

Mason 
^~>  Miller 
' Mitchell 

Monroe 

Montgomery 
:^>— x.    Morgan 

Morrison 

Morton 

Murray 

Nelson 

Newman 

Newton 

Nichols 

Nicholas 

Norton 


O  Brien 

O'Connor 

Osborne 


Packard 

Palmer 

Parker 

Patterson 

Pearson 
>•  Perkins 

Perry 

Phillips 

Phelps 

Pierce 

Pitman 

Porter 

Potter 

Powell 

Powers 

Pratt 

Pullman 

Putnam 

Raymond 

Remington 

Richardson 

Roberts 

Robinson 
.  Rogers 

Russell 

Salisbury 
..Samuels 

Scott 

Seamans 
.  Sedgwick 

Seymour 

Sheldon 
.  Sherman 

Simpson 

Spencer 
.  Stephens 

Stewart 

Strong 
.  Sumner 

Taylor 

Temple 
,  Thompson 

Thurman 

Townsend 

Trumbull 

Turner 

Upham 

Valentine 

Vanderbilt 

Vaughn 

Wagner 

Walters 

Wilkinson 

Wilson 


57 


: f- 


FINANCIAL  TERMS 

abscond 

acceptance  T/     ~\ 

accountant  •••••• •'••• K 

accountable  ' 

accrued  ^-         

administrator      - - 

administratrix 

ad  valorem 
..  agent 

appraisal 

appreciation 
..  arbitrary 

arbitration 

assets 
...  assign-ment 

assigned 

assignee 
..  assignor 

attest 

balance 
..  bank 

bankable 

banker 

bank  bill 

bank  book 

bank  note 

bank  stock 

bankrupt 

bankruptcy 

bequest 

bond 

bonus 
„  borrower 

bounty 

bribe 

broker 

brokerage 

bullion 
_  capital 

capitalize 

cashier 
„  certificate 

certified 

certify 

chattel 

check 

check  book 

circulation 

clearance 

collateral 

collection 

compensation 

compound 

compromise 


comptroller 

copartnership 

corporation 

counterfeit 
I  coupon 

credential 

credit 

creditor 

currency 

current 

debenture 

debit 

defalcation 

defaulter 
-  deficient-cy 

deficit 

defraud-ed 

deposit 

deposition 

depreciation 

disburse 

disbursement 

discount 
.  discrepancy 

dissolution 

dividend 
,  draft 

draw 

drawee 


K    equity 
\     escrow 

. — /....,  estate 

exchange 
— ° — 1     execute 

I....  executor 

executrix 
expenditure 
expense 
finances 
financial 
.._/...  financier 
fiscal 
forge 
...  f  orger-y 
franchise 
fraud 
.,  fraudulent 


FINANCIAL  TERMS— Continued 

fraudulently 
^1    funds  \/^)  I 

guarantee  ..— \*s — *-. - 

hypothecate  ^v 

hypothecation         \^~ ^/  * 

identity  -_jCl \./\ 

identify 

identification 

importation 

importer 

incorporate 

incorporation 

indemnify 

indemnity 

indenture 

infringement 

injunction 

,.  insolvency 

'    insolvent 
installment 
interest 
investment 
involve-d 
joint 
lease 
ledger 
lender 
liability 
lien 

liquidate 
liquidation 
mandamus 
margin 
market 
maturity 
maximum 
minimum 
national  bank 
negotiate 
negotiation 
notary 
obligation 
outlawed 
overdrawn 
panic 

partial  paym't 
partner 
partnership 
par  value 
pass  book 
payee 
pecuniary 
per  annum 
percentage 


policy 

power  of  att'y 

president 

promissory 

pro  rata 

prorate 

protest 

proxy 

quarterly 

quotation 

quote 

realty 

rebate 

receiver 
.  refund 

register-ed 

reimburse 
.remit 

remittance 

replevin 
.  resources 

returns 

revenue 
.schedule 

scrip 

secretary 
.  security 

sight  draft 

signature 

solvency 

solvent 

statement 
.  statistics 

stock 

stockholder 
,  speculation 

subsidy 

summons 
.surety 

surplus 

suspend 

syndicate 

teller 

transaction 

.transfer 

treasur-e-y 

treasurer 

trustee 

unsecured 

usage 

usurious 

usury 

voucher 

wealth-y 


L 
.. 


~7". 


COMMERCIAL  TERMS 

absolute 

accommodation         /i  ~~^ 

actual  ' 

actually 

annual-ly  .  c S, 

applicant  ^1 

application 

assistant  c — ^        <= — 

associate  , 

assorted 

assortment  P        /  

attached  - krSat. _. 

attachment 

attainable 

average  v 

bale 

barrel 

breakage 

bundle 


°\ 

...U 


business 

cancel 

capacity 

cask 

change-d 

charge-d 

charter 

cheat 

circular 

clerk 

color 

commerce 

commercial-ly 

commission 

commissioner 

commodity 

communicate 

communication 

company 

competition 

competitive 

conclude 

conclusion 

conditional-ly 

confidential-ly 

connect 

connection 

consent 

consideration 

consign 

consigned 

consignee 

consignment 

consignor 


V 


> 


consolidate-d 

consul 

contract 

contractor 

correspond 

correspondence 

correspondent 

corresponding 

couple 

customer 

customs 

damage 

declaration 

delay 
.  demurrage 

department 

detain-ed 
.  detention 

discharge 

dispatch 
,  distance 

distribute 

document 
.  drawback 

drayage 

due  bill 
.dull 

duplicate 

duty 
,  employee 

en  route 

enterprise 

entry 

especial-ly 

essential-ly 

esteemed 

estimate 

except 

exception 

expire 

expiration 

export 

express 

extend 

extension 

facsimile 

failure 

fee  simple 

fixtures 

folio 
.  freight 

furniture 

gallon 

garnishee 


17.. 


COMMERCIAL  TERMS— Continued 

gauge 

goods 

gross  weight 

ground 

guard 

household 

immaterial 

indicate 

indication 

industries 

infer 

inference 

inform 

inspector 

instant 

instruct 

interstate 

intimate 

inventory 

investigation 

invoice 

jobber 

judgment 

judicious 

junction 

license 

maintain 

manager 

manipulate 

material 

mention 

merchandise 

merchantable 

moderate 

monopoly 

namely 

net  weight 

notification 

official-ly 

omit 

opposite 

patronage 

personal 

positive 

proceeding 

proprietor 

prosecute 

proximo 

quality 

quarantine 

question 

questionable 

quorum 

receipt 


recommend 
recommendation 
refer 
reference 
refused 
remainder 
renewal 
repair 
requisition 
response 
responsible 
restrict 
retail 
rule 

salesman 
salesmen 
salvage 
semiannual-ly 
shipment 
shipper 
special-ly 
statutory 
storage 
storehouse 
subsequent 
substitute-d 
sundries 
superintend-ent 
tare 
tariff 
telegram 
telephone 
terminal 
track 
trade 
trademark 
traffic 
transmit 
transpire 
transpose 
typewriter 
ultimo 
uniform-ity 
verdict 
warehouse 
warrant 
warrantee 
weight 
wholesale 
witness 
writ 
yard 
yield 
.&Co. 


RAILWAY  TERMS 


S 


aboard 

abrogated 

accident 

acting 

air  brake 

air  line 

approximate 

audit 

auditor 

axle 

axle  box 

bad  order 

ballast-ing 

baggage 

baggage  car 

belt  line 

berth 

billing 

blockade 

block  signal 

box  car 

brakeman 

brake  men 

broad  gauge 

bumper 

caboose 

carded 

cargo 

carrier 

cattle  guard 

classification 

coach 

collision 

commutation 

commute 

competitor 

conductor 

construction 

consumer 

consumption 

coupling 

crossing 

culvert 

cut-off 

cut  rate 

demoralization 

derailed 

derrick 

differential 

dining  car 

director 

disaster 

discriminate 

diversion 


I         L_       L 

vo - 

r- 


division 

dock 

dockage 

drawhead 

drawlink 

east  bound 

elevator 

embankment 

embargo 

embedded 

emigrant 

engineer 

equalize 

equipment 

equitabl-e-y 

excavation 

excursion 

expedition 

export 

extra 

fireman 

firstclass 

flag  station 

flange 

flat  car 

flat  wheel 

fluctuat-e-ing 

folder 

foreman 

form  number 

freightage 

freight  bill 

frog 

gauger 

general  sup't 

grad-e-ing 

hand  car 

haul 

headlight 

hot  box 

inland 

interlocking 

interspersed 

in  transitu 

ironclad 

junction 

lantern 

legislation 

lighterage 

limit 

limitation 

local 

locomotive 
mail  train 


62 


RAILWAY 

main  line 

maintenance 

manifest 

message 

mileage 

motive  power 

operator 

optional 

palace  car 

parallel 

parlor  car 

pass 

paymaster 

perishable 

platform 

pool 

postal  car 

prepaid 

rack  car 

railroad 

railway 

re-consigned 

redeemable 

refrigerator 

regulate 

release 

released 

reload 

report 

reship 

restoration 

restriction 

right  of  way 

road  bed 

road  master 

rolling  stock 
v       roundhouse 
)      scalper 
^     seaboard 

seaworthy 

second-class 

section  boss 

semaphore 

shipyard 

side  track 

siding 

signal 

sleeper 

smash-up 

spikes 

standard  time 

state  rates 

state  line 

station 


TERMS— Continued 


= 4 t 


steel  rail 

stevedore 

stock  car 

stop-over 

stub  switch 

subscriptions 

suburban 

switch 

switching 

switchback 

switch  lights 

target 

telescope-d 

tender 

terminal 

terminus 

through  bill 

tide  water 

tie 

time  card 

time-table 

tissue  copy 

tonnage 

tracer 

track 

trackage 

train  dispatcher 

train  order 

T  rail 

trailing 

transatlantic 

transcontinental 

transit 

transport 

transportable 

transportation 

transshipment 

transverse 

traveling 

trestle 

truck 

trunk  line 

tunnel 

turntable 

up  grade 

ventilators 

vestibule 

waybill 

way  freight 

west  bound 

wharf 

wharfage 

whistle 

wreck 


r 


MECHANICAL  TERMS 

accelerate 

alloy 

aluminum 

amalgam 

ancony 

angle 

angular 

annealing 

anthracite 

anvil 

apparatus 

arrester 

asbestos 

automatic 

beakiron 

bearing 

bellows 

billet 

bituminous 

blast  pipe 

blower 

boiler 

bolt 

brazing 

burnisher 

cable 

calcium 

calipers 

calking 

cam 

casting 

cast  iron 

chamber 

chapleting 

chipping 

chisel 

clamp 

clevis 

clutch 

coil 

compression 

condenser 

conduit 

cone  pulley 

converter 

core 

countershaft 

countersink 

crane 

crucible 

cupola 

cylinder 

die 


dividers 
dolly 

draughtsman 
drill  press 
duplex 
dynamics 
eccentric 
elbow- 
engine 
equilibrium 
escapement 
exhaust 
face  plate 
facing 
finning 
fins 

fire  brick 
fire  grate 
flux 

friction 
function 
furnace 
fuse 

gage  cock 
gaggers 
ganister 
gear  cutter 
generator 
gland 

grozing  iron 
gudgeon 
hanger 
horse  power  (H.  P.| 

hub 

hydraulic 

indicator 

ingate 

ingot 

interior 

jam  nut 

jim-crow 

joint 

journal 

knuckle  joint 

laboratory 

ladle 

lag  screw 

larget 

lateral 

latterkin 

lever 

lingot 

loam 

longitudinal 


MECHANICAL  TERMS— Continued 

machine 

machinery  _J 

mandrel  --} \__ .' 

manufacture  ^"' 

manufacturer 

mechanical 

mechanics 

mechanism 

metal 


meter 

micrometer 

milling 

mold 

momentum 

mullar 

nippers 

nowel 

output 

periphery 

pickle 

pig  iron 

pillow  block 

pinchers 

pinion 

piston 
pivot 
.  planchet 
planer 
plant 
plasm 
plate 
pliers 
plunger 
pneumatic 
power 
propulsion 
pulley 
punch 
.  rammer 
rasp 
ratchet 
register 
regulator 
relay 
repeater 
reversible 
revolution 
revolve 
risers 
rotate 
rotation 

safety  valve 
screw  wheel 
shafting 


\ 


JZ 


t 


shank 
sheave 
.-  shim 
shuttle 
skew  chisel 
slag 
sleeve 
smokestack 
socket 

soldering  iron 
spindle 
spline 
sprue 
squeezer 
stationary 
steam  chest 
steel 
sullage 
swage  block 

'swarf 
tailstock 

tamping 

tedge 

teeming  punch 

teest 

temper 
.  temperature 

templet 

T  iron 
.  toggle  joint 

top  plate 

T  rest 

triblet 

trip  shaft 

trowel 

trunnion 

tumbler 

tuyere 

tweezers 

twister 

vacuum 

valve  gear 

valve  rod 

velocity 

vibration 

vise 

water  gauge 

welding 

winch 

wiper 

wire 

wordle 

wrench 

zinc 


65 


WRITING  EXERCISES 

The  rules  under  each  lesson  should  be  memorized  and 
the  engrayed  characters  read  many  times. 

The  heavy  strokes  are  shaded  only  enough  to  dis- 
tinguish them  from  the  light  strokes.  They  can  be  made 
sufficiently  distinct  at  a  single  stroke  by  a  slight  pressure 
on  the  pen  or  pencil,  thus  avoiding  the  necessity  of 
retracing  the  line. 

CONSONANTS 

Write  a  line  of  each  consonant  in  your  note- book,  first 
writing  the  name  of  the  consonant  in  longhand.  When 
each  consonant  has  been  written  once  show  your  note- 
book to  the  instructor,  who  will  examine  and  date  it. 
Then  fill  out  the  line  and  have  it  examined,  and  dated 
again. 

P,  B,  T,  D,  Chay,  J,  K,  Gay,  Ray,  Hay,  F,  V, 
Ith,  The,  L,  S,  Z,  Ish,  Zhee,  Lay,  Yay,  R,  Way,  M, 
Emp-Emb,  N,  Ing-Ink,  T,  V,  M,  Ray,  Yay,  Ish,  P,  J, 
R,  Emp,  B,  K,  The,  N,  Zhee,  Lay,  Z,  Ith,  D,  Way,  S, 
Gay,  Ing,  Chay,  V,  Ink,  Emb,  Hay,  Z,  B,  Ing,  The, 
Hay,  R,  Ith,  D,  Way,  N,  Emp,  T,  Ish,  M,  S,  J,  V, 
Emb,  Ray,  F,  P,  K,  Chay,  Zhee,  Gay,  Lay,  Yay,  Ink. 

First  outline  written. '. —    uulKnes  completed— 

CONSONANTS  COMBINED 

When  consonants  are  joined,  the  first  up  or  down 
stroke  should  rest  upon  the  line.  Combinations  of  hori- 
zontal consonants  should  rest  upon  the  line.  When  two 
descending  strokes  are  joined,  the  first  rests  upon  the  line 


67 


and  the  second  descends  below  it.  Each  outline  must  be 
carefully  and  accurately  formed.  All  strokes  must  be  of 
the  same  length. 

R-R,  Lay-Lay,  N-D,  K-B,  N-B,  K-J,  N-Chay,  P-Gay, 
Gay-P,  Gay-T  M-M,  K-M,  N-K,  P-K,  M-K,  M-J,  N-M, 
N-N,  Lay-N,  L-Ink,  Etnp-Ray,  R-Emb,  M-Ing,  Lay-R, 
V-M,  F-N,  N-V,  Chay-N,  Gay-M,  K-T,  Chay-Gay,  Gay- 
Chay,  Ish-K,  K-Ish,  K-P,  Hay-N,  B-Ing,  R-M,  V-K-T. 
M-GayJ,  M-N-D,  P-Ray-T,  N-M-Lay,  T-M-Ith,  N-T-Ray, 
B-K-M,  Ray-D-M,  Ish-P-Lay,  Emb-Lay-Ish,  M-Ray-D,  P-B- 
Lay-K,  Lay-T-M-Lay,  V-K-T-Ray. 

MAY 

•d 


First  oi^l  tine  tojriiten ... ..     Outlines  complete* 


LONG  VOWELS 

Write  all  the  consonants  of  a  word  before  inserting 
the  vowel  or  vowels.  Each  syllable  of  a  word  has  but 
one  vowel  sound.  In  stenography,  only  the  sounds  of  a 
word  are  expressed.  When  L/  is  the  only  consonant 
stroke  in  the  word,  use  Lay. 

After  the  words  have  been  written  once,  and  the 
instructor  has  made  the  necessary  corrections,  carefully 
note  them,  and  then  fill  out  the  line,  following  the  same 
course  as  with  the  consonants. 

(  WORDS  :  Ate,  aid,  aim,  ace,  bee,  fee,  thee,  they,  day,  Coe, 
beau,  eel,  eke,  ache,  oak,  eight,  key,  foe,  Fay,  gnaw,  go,  hoe, 
no,  toe,  jay,  Joe,  shoe,  know,  gay,  Lou,  law,  ode,  Lee, 
low,  may,  doe,  way,  neigh,  awed,  owed,  ooze,  oat,  ease,  paw, 
Toe,  weigh,  mow,  saw,  Shaw,  show,  woe,  pay,  so,  say,  nay, 
hay,  woo,  thaw,  Abe,  ale. 

WORD  SIGNS  :  The,  a,  ah,  all,  too-two,  already,  before, 
owe-oh,  ought,  who,  whom. 


68 


After  the  sentences  have  been  written  once  and 
corrected  by  the  instructor,  each  one  should  be  written  at 
least  ten  times.  Two  light  ticks  in  the  direction  of  Chay 
should  be  placed  under  a  proper  noun. 

SENTENCES*:  i.  They  may  all  go.  2.  They  already  know  the 
way.  3.  They  may  see  the  Jew.  4.  Each  saw  the  show.  5.  Who 
saw  the  bee  ?  6.  All  who  ate  may  go.  7.  Poe  may  weigh  the  hay. 
8.  Who  saw  the  ode?  9.  All  who  owe  may  pay.  10.  Lee  may 
aid  Abe.  n.  See  the  foe.  12.  The  toe  may  ache.  13.  Fay  may 
pay  the  fee.  14.  Who  saw  me?  15.  They  who  go  may  see  all. 
16.  The  beau  may  already  be  gay.  17.  Ah,  they  may  know  all. 
18.  Who  may  own  the  hay?  19.  They  all  say  Coe  may  already 
know  the  law.  20.  Before  they  go  they  may  see  the  ape  eat  all 
the  dough. 


lten  once  .......  .......  Sentences  comple1  , 

-     A/np 

A  new  lesson  must  not  be  taken  up  until  the  principles 
and  practice-matter  of  the  previous  '  one  have  been 
thoroughly  mastered.  Especial  attention  should  be  given 
to  the  word  signs,  which  are  of  the  utmost  importance. 

SHORT  VOWELS 

Remember  that  each  sign  represents  invariably  the 
same  sound,  and  that  it  is  always  written  in  the  same 
direction,  except  the  letter  //  also  that  the  first  ascending 
or  descending  stroke  in  the  outline  is  written  in  the  position 
of  the  vowel  in  the  accented  syllable. 

Doubt  may  sometimes  arise  regarding  the  use  of  the 
short  second-place  vowels  ;  also  regarding  the  use  of  the 
first  and  second-place  heavy  dash-signs.  The  distinct 
sounds  in  words  of  this  class  may  be  ascertained  by  refer- 
ence to  a  standard  dictionary.  In  writing  shorthand, 
however,  the  exact  distinction  is  hardly  necessary. 

Double  consonants,  as  in  Anna,  dummy,  muddy,  etc., 
are  expressed  with  but  one  stroke. 


WORDS  :  Atom,  adage,  Anna,  bush,  botch,  batch,  ship, 
path,  cop,  choppy,  check,  dip,  Dutch,  dummy,  ago,  pad,  Emma, 
fang,  nook,  gang,  Gibb,  gush,  haughty,  Havana,  echo,  jug, 
kink,  knock,  love,  map,  muddy,  muff,  many,  manage,  fathom, 
notary,  income,  engage,  baggage,  enigma,  emanate,  dignity, 
unpack,  unmake,  famish,  avenge,  becalm,  entomb,  fatigue, 
jockey,  Panama,  become,  name,  cheap,  cash,  money,  baggage, 
pack,  boat,  dock,  book,  back,  big,  pick,  thick,  deck,  beg, 
catch,  tag,  Canada. 

WORD  SIGNS  :  An-and,  of,  to,  to  the,  or,  but,  to  a,  on, 
should,  how. 

First  outline  written „ Outlines  completed. 

SENTENCES:  i.  To  whom  should  they  go  ?  2.  Take  the  cup 
to  Minnie.  3.  Who  took  the  book  back  to  the  nook  ?  4.  The 
boat  may  be  at  the  beach  before  they  know  of  it.  5.  How  may 
the  money  be  paid  to  the  Havana  bank  ?  6.  Fatigue  may  make 
me  leave  before  Anna  or  Adam.  7.  Many  a  month  may  go  before 
they  see  it.  8.  Take  a  big  dish  for  the  honey  cake.  9.  Make  a 
cup  of  cocoa  before  they  go  back.  10.  Hitch  the  gay  nag  to  the 
buggy  in  the  meadow,  n.  Show  Jennie  how  to  pitch  the  penny 
to  Tom.  12.  But  how  should  they  see  it  if  they  go  away  ?  13.  Bob 
and  Mamie  may  take  the  boat  on  the  calm  bay.  14.  They  ought 
to  see  the  two  sheep  eat  the  hay.  15.  All  should  go  to  Canada  to 
catch  fish.  16.  They  should  manage  to  engage  the  boat.  17.  Who 
ought  to  pay  the  money  ? 

Sentences  written  once— Sentences  completed 

DIPHTHONGS 

WORDS  :  Dye,  by,  due,  eyed,  joy,  lie,  nigh,  row,  few, 
gouge,  hide,  ivy,  fife,  mouth,  pouch,  tube,  fume,  tiny,  chime, 
tithe,  toil,  toiler,  boyish,  dower,  Jewish,  joyous,  loyal,  vial, 
theory,  along,  avail,  borrow,  abide,  file,  vile,  revile,  veil, 
failing,  feeling,  fur,  hurry,  jury,  lame,  lucky,  lack,  long,  loop, 
booth,  link,  lung,  mellow,  Murray,  namely,  outlay,  outlaw,  par, 


70 


ripe,  rate,  rink,  review,  renew,  Raleigh,  waylay,  wring,  wreath, 
tyro,  early,  pipe,  couch,  write,  Rome,  romp,  mail,  rail, 
empire,  rare. 

WORD  SIGNS  :    I-eye,  you,   hope-happy-party,  object-be,  to, 
be,  time,  it,  dollar,  do,  had,  which,  much,  advantage,  large. 

First  outline  written. Outlines  completed 


SENTENCES:  I.  Do  you  know  how  to  make  money  and  how 
to  keep  it  ?  2.  You  may  enjoy  life  if  you  know  how  to  take 
advantage  of  it.  3.  You  should  pay  the  bill  which  the  party  had 
to  take.  4.  Take  the  lower  layer  of  the  cake  in  the  big  dish. 
5.  Pack  my  bag  full  of  food  and  take  it  to  Tacoma.  6.  Take  the 
noisy  boy  to  the  shore  to  bathe  in  the  sea.  7.  Check  the  item  on 
the  bill  before  you  go  to  the  bank.  8.  Ask  the  tailor  to  carry  it 
to  the  polo  game.  9.  You  may  write  out  my  idea  now.  10.  To  be 
happy  and  live  long  you  should  do  right.  II.  I  hope  a  dollar  a 
day  may  be  of  advantage  to  all.  12.  Of  how  much  advantage 
may  it  be  to  each  party  ?  13.  They  who  borrow  money  should 
pay  it  back.  14.  I  may  be  in  time  to  be  of  advantage  to  all. 
15.  I  had  to  borrow  a  dollar  to  pay  my  bill.  16.  Our  object  may 
be  to  see  you  pack  the  bag. 

Sentences  written  cnce Sentences  completed 

REVIEW  WRITING  EXERCISE. 

WORDS:  Aim,  ahoy,  ado,  abbey,  avow,  Ann,  Annie,  anew, 
allay,  ally,  alley,  alloy,  adieu,  aching,  apathy,  aiming,  abode, 
alkali,  bow,  bag,  bank,  balky,  babe,  baby,  bath,  Booth,  bang, 
balmy,  boil,  bug,  buggy,  beach,  being,  billow,  balm,  bedaub, 
botany,  both,  bathe,  boat,  coop,  calm,  choke,  cheek,  chub, 
chubby,  chair,  chum,  cabbage,  Choctaw,  chiming,  calk,  chalk, 
coke,  coach,  cage,  comb,  came,  chalky,  Dey,  dog,  deep,  dupe, 
damage,  deify,  downy,  deem,  dame,  eighty,  ell,  Eli,  etching, 
edging,  epic,  enigma,  evoke,  embalm,  feud,  fell,  fall,  far,  folk, 
Fitchie,  fagot,  famish,  foaming,  fatigue,  faith,  fang,  gawk,  gig, 
gewgaw,  game,  gothic,  Geneva,  gape,  infamy,  jaggy,  jog,  jibe, 
Job,  Jacob,  Jamaica,  knack,  knew,  lieu,  levity,  lady,  manage, 
meadow,  melody,  monk,  magic,  mug,  make,  maim,  monotony, 


71 


Mocha,  myth,  mouth,  monk,  monkey,  mimic,  mutiny,  moth, 
Madonna,  nag,  new,  nail,  nabob,  nib,  nub,  nymph,  naming, 
Noah,  Nero,  Opie,  off,  oaf,  owl,  pew,  pang,  poke,  patch,  poach, 
papa,  pop,  pup,  puppy,  peep,  peck,  package,  pagoda,  Pope, 
palmy,  thatch,  tank,  tooth,  teeth,  tame,  teem,  tar,  thick,  topic, 
tobacco,  tomato,  take,  unfair,  unmake,  vail,  veil,  vivify,  variety, 
vogue,  viola. 


First  outline  written Outlines  completed- 


SENTENCES  :  I.  You  ought  to  see  how  much  you  owe  before 
you  go  away.  2.  You  or  I  should  see  of  how  much  advantage  it 
may  be.  3.  It  may  be  in  time  to  be  of  advantage  to  all.  4.  Who 
ought  to  go  to  the  bank  ?  5.  I  am  happy  to  say  they  may  see  it. 
6.  To  whom  should  it  be  paid  ?  7.  Do  you  know  the  advantage 
which  may  be  in  it  ?  8.  How  should  I  go  to  the  rowing  match 
in  Canada?  9.  My  object  may  be  to  buy  the  large  etching. 
10.  Which  party  ought  to  know  of  it  ? 

Sentences  written  once Sentences  completed 

CIRCLE   S  OR  Z 

WORDS  :  Sick,  seat,  suit,  side,  siege,  scythe,  safe,  seen, 
sin,  soon,  same,  seem,  sway,  case,  keys,  teas,  days,  does,  dues, 
joys,  ages,  edges,  ashes,  these,  office,  face,  voice,  nice,  ounce, 
knows,  alms,  house,  yes,  sets,  seeks,  space,  seeking,  speech, 
savage,  Sunday,  Smith,  smoke,  seeming,  sinking,  Thomas, 
annex,  notice,  anxious,  annoyance,  exceed,  cousin,  task,  Tues- 
day, upset,  passage,  fasten,  inside,  insane,  says,  seize,  spicy, 
access,  vices,  accuses,  mazes,  success. 

WORD  SIGNS  :  Is-his,  as-has,  subject,  satisfy-fied,  satis- 
factory, satisfactorily,  several,  advertise,  advertises,  because, 
this,  thus-those,  impossible-ility,  improves,  influence,  influences. 

First  outline  written Outlines  completed 

SENTENCES  :  i.  James  may  arise  early  to  see  the  sun  rise. 
2.  You  may  sell  a  dozen  signs  of  this  design.  3.  You  should 
advertise  the  notice  in  the  daily  Sun.  4.  Miss  Smith  should  make 


72 


less  noise  at  the  show.  5.  You  may  receive  the  offensive  notice 
on  Sunday.  6.  Lucy  asks  if  she  may  use  my  music  box.  7.  The 
assets  of  the  bank  are  in  excess  of  its  losses.  8.  I  desire  to 
know  his  reason  to  sell  his  houses.  9.  If  it  is  satisfactory  you 
may  advertise  it  now.  10.  It  is  impossible  to  know  its  influence 
on  the  masses,  n.  Miss  Shaw  possesses  a  nice  voice  to  sing 
songs.  12.  If  the  snow  thaws,  the  seeds  may  be  sown. 

Sentences  written  once Sentences  completed 

LOOPS  ST  OR  STR 

If  the  sound  of  st  or  str  precedes  a  final  vowel  sound, 
the  loops  cannot  be  used. 

WORDS  :  Staid,  august,  paste,  nest,  hoist,  guessed,  Yost, 
soonest,  safest,  just,  justice,  stark,  stork,  solaced,  fairest,  forest, 
deepest,  debased,  fastest,  funniest,  stimulus,  mustiest,  repast, 
biggest,  deduced,  sticky,  stubby,  s'eamy,  stuffy,  stacks,  stages, 
stakes,  stalls,  steals,  stumps,  stitches,  stubs,  stings,  stores,  stars, 
stairs,  stole,  styles,  Hester,  boaster,  register,  hoists,  jests,  feasts, 
lists,  mists,  baste,  bastes,  baster,  boasters,  jesters,  coasters, 
posters,  toasters,  teamsters. 

WORD  SIGNS  :  Advertised,  first,  at  first,  largest,  influenced, 
next,  stenography. 

Sentences  written  once -Sentences  completed - 

SENTENCES  :  I .  You  should  make  haste  slowly  these  chilly 
days.  2.  Thomas  lost  the  list  of  our  stock  of  stoves.  3.  The 
starch  is  sticky  and  may  make  the  stuff  too  stiff.  -4.  Mary  refused 
to  receive  the  revised  list  of  sales.  5.  I  am  rejoiced  to  know  of 
his  arrest  yesterday.  6.  The  minister  may  invest  his  money  in 
stocks.  7.  You  may  take  the  highway  which  goes  to  Worcester. 
8.  They  may  sell  the  rusty  stove  at  the  store.  9.  The  robust 
teamster  may  molest  the  gamesters  at  Rochester.  10.  They  should 
at  first  testify  as  to  his  unjust  arrest,  n.  You  should  at  least  be 
happy  to  possess  it.  12.  The  next  to  the  largest  has  influenced  us. 

Sentences  written  once Sente*ices  completed 


73 


SEMICIRCLES  W  AND  Y 

The  zss  circle,  the  ist  loop,  and  the  semicircles  must  be 
made  very  small. 

WORDS  :  Widows,  widower,  wag,  wink,  war,  windy,  Edwin, 
wine,  won,  warehouse,  work,  wall,  well,  window,  Wednesday, 
worst,  Wheeling,  wisp,  stairway,  Swiss,  yes,  yoke,  yawn, 
youngest,  twitch,  dweller,  quill,  quit,  quietly,  qualm,  queer, 
Quebec,  unquiet,  acquire,  swing,  Swede,  squeak,  squire,  square, 
hem,  hark,  harem,  hail,  hill,  help,  hallow,  holy,  hale,  haziness, 
whack,  whiz,  whistle,  whisky,  whip,  whims,  whiff,  whittle, 
wheel,  whine,  feeling,  failing. 

In  the  middle  of  words,  that  form  for  /  or  r  is  used  which 
makes  the  better  angle  with  the  preceding  or  following  stroke.  L, 
following  the  w-semicircle,  must  be  written  downward. 

WORD  SIGNS  :  He-him,  we- with,  were,  what,  would,  year, 
yet,  beyond,  you,  that,  when,  aware. 

First  outline  written Outlines  completed , 


SENTENCES  :  i .  The  worst  of  the  storm  has  now  passed  away. 
2.  Weave  the  wide  web  and  you  may  receive  wages.  3.  Unyoke 
the  oxen  and  they  may  go  to  the  hedge.  4.  The)'  may  sell 
Tweed's  dwelling  house  to  Dwight.  5.  Take  the  tweezers  and 
twist  the  casters  off  the  bureau.  6.  Why  do  you  wish  to  whistle 
here  at  this  time?  7.  The  wheat  may  make  white  and  wholesome 
hoe  cakes.  8.  We  were  all  aware  that  you  were  in  Wyoming. 
9.  The  hammock  is  swung  on  the  banks  of  the  Wabash.  10.  Why 
do  you  go  to  the  game  of  whist  with  the  whistler?  n.  We  were 
with  you  on  last  Wednesday  at  Owego.  12.  You  should  be  aware 
of  it  by  this  time.  13.  You  should  now  write  these  items  in  the 
right  way. 

Sentences  written  once. Sentences  completed — 


74 


PHRASEOGRAPHY 

Do  not  combine  words  which  join  awkwardly.  Join 
only  words  which  are  closely  connected  either  naturally 
or  grammatically.  Do  not  try  to  form  very  long  or  com- 
plicated phrases. 

Common  words,  such  as  in,  if,  at,  our,  me,  may, 
they,  way,  know,  no,  go,  take,  make,  buy,  these,  etc., 
may  be  written  without  vowels. 

PHRASES  :  You  will  have,  you  are,  you  may,  you  must  be, 
you  must  have  ;  we  think,  we  think  you  will,  we  shall  have,  we 
shall  be  ;  it  is,  it  must,  it  must  be,  it  must  have,  in  that,  that 
which,  that  which  may,  in  his,  if  you  will,  if  you  will  be  ;  in 
these,  in  each,  in  this,  in  which,  in  those,  in  much,  in  each  case, 
in  which  case  ;  of  it,  to  it,  on  it,  should  it,  to  have  ;  I  will  be,  I 
will  have,  I  will  do,  I  am  sorry  ;  I  shall  have,  I  shall  be,  I  think 
you  will  be,  I  fear  you  will,  I  hope  you  will,  I  hope  you  may ; 
have  the,  for  the,  in  the,  take  the,  by  the  way,  in  the  way,  in  the 
west ;  we  will  be,  we  will  have,  we  will  do,  we  are  in,  we  are 
sorry  ;  you  will,  I  will,  we  will,  he  will,  they  will. 

Sentences  written  once Sentences  completed 


SENTENCES  :  I.  It  is  of  common  advantage  to  give  it 
together.  2.  The  company  will  come  for  half  an  hour.  3.  Have 
they  given  it  to  us,  or  are  you  going  to  do  so  ?  4.  Have  you  ever 
seen  them  do  so?  5.  I  will  thank  them  a  thousand  times  for  it. 
6.  I  think,  however,  it  will  be  to  our  advantage.  7.  We  shall 
issue  our  usual  important  book  this  year.  8.  Your  language  will 
make  us  go  away  soon.  9.  Is  the  thing  of  any  importance  to  our 
own  case?  10.  I  think  you  would  be  sorry  if  we  should  go  with 
them.  ii.  You  must  in  each  case  do  as  we  desire.  12.  I  hope 
you  will  have  no  wish  to  do  so.  13.  If  you  will  take  the  road  to 
the  west  you  will  be  all  right.  14.  In  this  case  I  shall  be  happy 
to  have  you  sing  the  song.  15.  We  will  have  the  improvement 
ready  by  the  15th  of  May. 

Sentences  written  once ^Sentences  completed 


75 


THE  R  HOOK 

The  r  hook  in  the  middle  of  an  outline  sometimes  cannot 
be  perfectly  formed,  in  which  case  it  is  retraced  on  the 
preceding  stroke.  In  the  middle  of  outlines  the  circle 
must  be  made  on  the  inside  of  the  hook  on  straight  strokes. 

Merand  Emper  cannot  be  used  after  T,  D,  Chay,  and/. 

WORDS  :  Drape,  drag,  grape,  trail,  thrash,  caprice,  pauper, 
approach,  dapper,  daughter,  hammer,  banner,  camphor,  favors, 
traverse,  cracker,  abridge,  authority,  scrap,  abstruse,  creek, 
freak,  shred,  decrease,  generous,  Denver,  educator,  embrace, 
pressure,  precede,  trespass,  treason,  reproach,  redress,  presence, 
treasure,  setter,  scream,  chemistry,  tribe,  crib,  fiber,  spider, 
diagram,  silver,  Fisher,  triumph,  increase,  strips,  industry, 
dishonor,  broil,  prop,  prong,  broth,  broom,  growl,  throb, 
brother,  lumber,  thinker,  anger,  proceed,  grocer,  soldier, 
program,  oppressive,  strong,  scroll,  rumor,  lunar,  crusade, 
numerous,  quaver,  crutch,  ludicrous,  trustee,  succor,  supremacy, 
supersede,  lustrous,  quarter,  quarterly,  crystal,  university, 
Friday,  dexterous,  extremity,  seamstress. 

WORD  SIGNS  :  Appear,  principle-al-ly,  practice,  member- 
remember,  number,  doctor,  dear,  during,  danger,  larger,  degree, 
from,  there-their. 

First  outline  written Outlines  completed 

SENTENCES  :  I.  The  preacher  was  eager  to  preach  at  Troy 
on  Thursday.  2.  The  robber  caused  much  labor  and  bother  for 
us.  3.  The  shipper  will  protest  that  the  wharfage  was  extra. 
4.  They  must  try  to  escape  from  the  State  prison.  5.  Doctor 
Baker  and  his  brother  have  the  principle  practice  there.  6.  It 
appears  that  they  must  pay  the  next  quarter's  dues.  7.  The 
industrious  baker  is  extremely  generous.  8.  The  members  agree 
to  all  that  we  require.  9.  The  doctor  was  away  during  the  danger 
of  the  fever.  10.  They  may  ship  the  paper  and  crackers  by  the 
next  express,  u.  The  subscribers  disagree  with  the  editor  of  the 


76 


paper.  12.  The  lumber  fell  on  the  younger  brother's  finger  and 
broke  it.  13.  The  baker  and  the  banker  must  purchase  a  banner 
and  wave  it. 

Sentences  written  once Sentences  completed 

THE  L  HOOK 

The  r  hook  must  always  be  made  very  small,  so  that  it 
may  not  conflict  with  the  /  hook  on  curved  letters. 

WORDS  :  Clause,  glass,  pliable,  blemish,  clump,  climax, 
clothe,  clumsy,  Clara,  clog,  closed,  glares,  gleam,  glum,  glimpse, 
flake,  flimsy,  Florida,  fling,  fluency,  flabby,  flogs,  papal,  pebble, 
entitle,  beetle,  cackle,  chattel,  fickle,  giggle,  plumper,  blank, 
circle,  declaim,  diploma,  employ,  emblem,  enclose,  festival, 
syllable,  radical,  tenable,  technical,  poetical,  parable,  novelty, 
admirable,  variable,  vital,  splices,  penal,  diagonal,  amicable, 
bashful,  chemical,  declivity,  temporal,  spinal,  joyful,  reliance, 
pliable,  shingle,  survival,  wrinkle,  implore,  desirable,  ramble, 
explicable,  invaluable,  paternal,  warble,  criminal,  problem, 
chronicle,  struggle,  scruple,  perplex. 

WORD  SIGNS  :  People-d,  apply,  belong-ed,  at  all-until, 
deliver-y,  equal-ly,  difficul-ty,  follow,  value. 

First  outline  written Outlines  completed 

SENTENCES:  i.  To  whom  does  the  black  cloak  belong? 
2.  I  will  enclose  an  envelope.  3.  Flora  was  the  only  girl  in  the 
class  who  pleased  the  teacher.  4.  \Ve  are  now  able  to  display  our 
flag  in  all  climes;  5.  You  may  receive  the  reply  by  cable  to- 
morrow. 6.  The  clock  was  placed  in  the  chapel  to  tell  the  time. 
7.  The  classical  pupil  must  apply  at  the  university.  8.  The  faculty 
was  in  the  assembly  hall  on  Friday.  9.  The  title  to  the  tunnel 
was  official,  but  it  was  of  no  value.  10.  You  must  settle  for  the 
supply  of  satchels  when  they  are  placed  on  sale.  II.  The  clause 
in  the  classics  pleases  the  pupils  of  all  classes. 

Sentences  written  once Sentences  completed 


77 


THE  N  HOOK 

The  hook  forms  cannot  be  used  before  a  final  vowel. 
In  the  middle  of  outlines  the  circle  must  be  made  on  the 
inside  of  the  hooks  on  straight  strokes. 

WORDS  :  Pin  chin,  grown,  spin,  stain,  sudden,  seven, 
?dden,  downs,  chance,  instance,  assistance,  expanse,  bounce, 
bounced,  bounces,  bouncer,  dispenses,  responses,  dampen,  barren, 
famine,  deepen,  enjoin,  refine,  bench,  vacancy,  penny,  Vienna, 
rainy,  fans,  earns,  offense,  offenses,  whitens,  sponsor,  bunch, 
finances,  leaner,  occupancy,  punish,  mince,  nuns,  canes,  dense, 
duns,  tons,  abstain,  arraign,  assign,  assignee,  aspen,  button, 
campaign,  cheapen,  detain,  discern,  engine,  examine,  foreign, 
hidden,  humane,  illumine,  Japan,  lemon,  oranges,  linen,  machine, 
stiffen,  stolen,  summon,  sullen,  thine,  turn,  wagon,  weapon, 
whetstone,  woven,  bonny,  Illinois,  hempen,  Spanish,  zones, 
gunnery,  soften,  enhance. 

Puff,  beef,  reef,  rebuff,  tariff,  sheriff,  pave,  repave,  bereave, 
coffee,  purify,  verify,  Java,  defeat,  refer,  recovery,  devote,  river, 
puffs,  achieves,  heaves. 

WORD  SIGNS  ',  General-ly,  can,  begin,  phonography,  opinion, 
our  own,  your  own,  at  length,  at  once,  generals-ize,  generalized, 
remembrance,  differ-ent-ence,  advance-d,  careful-ly,  hope  to 
have,  whatever,  out  of,  whichever,  whoever. 

First  outline  written Outlines  completed _ 


SENTENCES  :  i.  Will  you  join  in  the  fun  down  town  at 
seven  o'clock?  2.  John  Shane  will  assign  his  stock  to  his  assignee. 
3.  Refine  the  iron,  and  finish  it  within  twenty  days.  4.  I  incline 
to  make  many  bayonets  for  use  in  Oregon.  5.  The  chances  for 
making  your  expenses  in  Kansas  are  slim.  6.  The  finances  of  the 
bank  in  this  financial  strain  have  increased.  7.  The  expenses'of 
the  princes  at  the  dances  were  out  of  all  reason.  8.  They  announce 
that  he  evinces  many  signs  against  the  loans.  9.  It  is  your  opinion 
that  they  will  begin  work  at  once.  10.  I  observe  that  he  refers  to 
the  discovery  of  the  reef.  n.  The  sensitive  man  has  no  incentive 
to  refuse  the  trophy.  12.  You  may  refuse  to  revise  his  defense  at 


78 


the  trial.  13  As  a  general  thing  you  can  begin  the  study  of 
phonography  in  your  own  town.  14.  Our  own  opinion  is  that 
whatever  is  done  you  -will  hear  at  once.  15.  The  general's  re- 
membrance of  it  will  at  length  be  right.  16.  Whoever  goes 
should  be  careful  to  come  out  of  it  in  time.  17.  Whatever  differ- 
ence there  is,  and.  whichever  way  you  go,  it  will  be  our  gain. 

Sentences  written  once Sentences  completed 


THE  SHUN  HOOK 

WORDS  :  Omission,  ovation,  sedition,  collision,  partition, 
vocation,  mention,  dictation,  selection,  legation,  pollution,  loco- 
motion, ascension,  aspiration,  digression,  abolition,  violation, 
division,  passionate,  stationary,  missionary,  reception,  inception, 
obligation,  benediction,  discretion,  attrition,  creation,  suction, 
affliction,  prostration,  production,  abbreviation,  dissipation,  pre- 
sumption, superstition,  exclusion,  designation,  emigration,  ex- 
pedition, exclamation,  expiration,  exultation,  subscription,  ex- 
ploration, execution,  passions,  auctions,  mentions,  affections, 
sessions,  fashions,  deceptions,  locations,  resolutions. 

Civilization,  deposition,  exposition,  succession,  taxation,  dis- 
pensation, secession,  vexation,  musicians,  decisions,  positions, 
possessions. 

WORD  SIGNS  :  Objection,  information,  satisfaction,  descrip- 
tion, from  over,  very  there-their,  other,  sure-ly,  pleasure,  Mr- 
remark-able-bly,  more,  describe-d,  practiced,  character,  characters, 
characterized,  characteristic. 

First  outline  -written Outlines  completed _ 

SENTENCES  :  i.  It  is  the  intention  to  give  an  option  on  sales 
at  the  auction.  2.  I  have  a  notion  that  education  is  a  delusion. 
3.  The  national  ambition  is  to  have  attention  given  to  the  opera- 
tion. 4.  He  sanctions  their  actions  for  the  nation's  progress. 

5.  There  is  opposition  to  the  possession  of  our  new  acquisitions. 

6.  The  decision  of  the  musicians  for  a  cessation  of  the  play  gives 
satisfaction.     7.   What  objection  is  there  to  the  information  if  it 
gives  satisfaction?    8.  The  description  he  receives  from  them  is 


79 


very  fine.  9.  We  surely  had  much  pleasure  from  his  remark  on 
this  occasion.  10.  Their  sessions  were  more  noisy  than  is  usually 
the  case.  II.  Is  there  to  be  any  motion  from  the  other  side? 

12.  Mr.  Brown  and  Mr.  Jones  will  surely  be  there  on  that  occasion. 

13.  They  had  more  pleasure  from  his  remarks  than  from  others. 

14.  If  you  will  pay  attention  to  the  directions  you  will  be  master 
of  the  situation. 

Sentences  written  once _ Sentences  completed 

HALF  LENGTH  STROKES 

A  half  length  stroke  cannot  precede  a  final  vowel 
sound.  A  compound  character  is  one  used  with  the  semi- 
circle or  with  an  initial  or  final  hook,  or  heh  tick. 

Pat,  cheat,  coat,  feat,  meet,  mate,  not,  shut,  sipped,  soaked, 
soft,  smite,  skate,  slate,  cats,  fights,  hacked,  good,  bids,  saved, 
reach,  reached,  bake,  baked,  vivid,  rigid,  argued,  aimed,  made, 
mode,  seemed,  end,  send,  sound,  signed,  sinned,  doomed,  timid, 
descend,  Pratt,  street,  sobered,  blade,  tend,  attend,  mound, 
brought,  great,  greatly,  ascertained,  attract,  October,  abound, 
enchant,  Kentucky,  resume,  scold,  framed,  field,  veiled,  absurd, 
whetted,  payment,  print,  reeled,  ruled,  crate,  create,  pot,  poet, 
endued,  endowed,  invite,  invited,  headed,  padded,  faded,  derived, 
divided,  shrouded,  righted,  pickled,  bottled,  tackled,  awaited, 
dieted,  unedited,  agitated,  ray,  raid,  raided,  radiate,  radiated, 
inundated,  Benedict,  acted,  dated,  freighted. 

Doing,  making,  saying,  having,  missing,  hopping,  aiding, 
abusing,  tracing ;  ravings,  sayings,  ratings,  openings ;  watch- 
ing the,  dividing  the,  mocking  the,  arranging  the  ;  feasibility, 
invisibility,  visibility,  mutability,  temporality,  totality,  circu- 
larity, muscularity,  vulgarity. 

WORD  SIGNS  :  Particular-ly,  opportunity,  part,  remem- 
bered, at  hand,  did  not,  do  not,  had  not,  gentlemen,  gentle- 
man, quite,  could,  good,  that,  without,  immediate-ly,  under, 
hand-owned,  somewhat. 

Outlines  written  once Outlines  completed. 


80 


SENTENCES  :    r.  In  spite  of  the  fight  he  sent  the  mat  late  last 
night.     2.   He  vowed  that  the  deed  would  be  void  if  not  sent  soon. 

3.  The  talkative  man  went  to  the  tent  and  betrayed  the  band. 

4.  You  should  take  pride  in  the  gift  sent  by  the  general.     5.   The 
noted  man  who  offended  us  will  be  avoided.     6.   He  edited  the 
report  which  was  dated  last  week.     7.  They  are  thinking  of  trying 
to  buy  the  shining  cup.     8.   They  are  speaking  of  paying  for  the 
drawings.     9.  The  engravings  will  be  shown  at  the  meetings  of  the 
society.      10.    We  did  not  know  because  we  had  not  heard  of  it. 
II.  His  responsibility  and  popularity  are  very  great  because  of  his 
prosperity.      12.   I  remember  that  we  had  a  particularly  good  op- 
portunity without  his  aid.     13.  We  did  not  know  that  the  gentle- 
man was  at  hand  at  that  time.     14.  He  said  that  part  of  it  would 
be  sent  immediately  to  the  shipper.     15.  If  he  made  it  wrong  th?.t 
will  be  the  end  of  it. 

Sentences  written  once Sentences  completed 


DOUBLE  LENGTH  STROKES 

WORDS  :  Fighter,  latter,  mutter,  shouter,  flutter,  flatter, 
alter,  softer,  smatter,  salter,  saunter,  sender,  surrender,  cinder, 
matters,  slanders,  shatters,  enters,  finder,  vendor,  asunder, 
lender,  whiter,  yonder,  wonder,  hinder,  islander,  flounder, 
mentor,  warder,  astral,  inventor,  thermometer,  defrauder,  smel- 
ter, disorder,  provender,  intercept,  interfere,  interrupt,  inter- 
dict, interest,  introduce,  entertain,  entertained. 

Concede,  conceit,  conceive,  concise,  concur,  condemn,  con- 
dense, confine,  consent,  consign,  contract,  convince,  conception, 
conclusion,  combination,  comfort,  commend,  communication, 
communicate,  compel,  competent,  comply,  accommodate,  dis- 
continue, inconvenient,  reconsider,  intercommunication,  circum- 
vent, self-educated,  self-support,  insert,  insertion,  insulation, 
magnifiable,  magnetic,  countersign,  contradict,  controversy. 

WORD  SIGNS  :  Material,  immaterial,  commence,  commenced, 
commences-United  States,  circumstance,  circumstances,  inex- 
perience, inexperienced. 

Outline  written  once Outlines  completed 


81 


SENTENCES:  i.  I  shall  write  a  letter  to  father  and  mother 
about  it.  2.  The  diameter  of  the  meters  is  another  matter.  3  The 
voters  were  in  the  center  of  the  fighters.  4.  The  cylinder  was  too 
slender  for  the  shutters.  5.  I  must  confess  that  I  did  not  consider 
your  communication.  6.  I  have  concluded  that  the  condition  of 
the  concern  is  contrary  to  good  order.  7.  In  recognition  of  the 
compensation  received  I  will  recommend  you  to  the  committee. 
8.  It  is  self-evident  that  his  self-respect  is  an  inspiration.  9.  We 
must  circumvent  them  and  be  self-possessed.  10.  The  instrument 
was  an  inspiration  to  all  who  heard  it.  n.  The  magnificent  scene 
could  not  be  too  greatly  magnified.  12.  It  is  immaterial  when  you 
commence  to  ship  the  motors.  13.  Under  the  circumstances  we 
will  not  consider  his  inexperience.  14.  The  United  States  possess 
material  for  all  purposes.  15.  It  is  an  experienced  man  who  has 
commenced  to  render  their  accounts. 

Sentences  written  once Sentences  completed „... 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 

Los  Angeles 
This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below. 


Form  L9-10m-3,'48  (  A7920 )  444 


UNIVERSITY  of  CALIFORNIA 

AT 

< 

MBRARY 


Z56 

E36u 

1918 


- 


